IV fluids

Question 1

What is the most commonly prescribed drug in hospitals?

Answer 1

Fluids

Question 2

4 concepts of IV fluid administration (NHS Grampian policy)

Answer 2

What is my patients fluid status?
Do they need fluids?
How much? What type?

Question 3

What are the three volaemic states?

Answer 3

Hypovolaemia, euvolaemia, hypervolaemia

Question 4

7 symptoms/signs of hypovolaemia?

Answer 4

Nausea
Thirst
Flat veins
Cool peripheries
No sweat
Low BP high HR
Concentrate oliguria

Question 5

Treatment of hypovolaemia?

Answer 5

Resuscitation fluids

“Plug leak” - find cause

Question 6

6 symptoms of hypervolaemia?

Answer 6

Breathless (pulm oedema)
Distended veins
Warm extremities
Sweaty
High BP High HR
Dilute polyuria

Question 7

Treatment of hypervolaemia?

Answer 7

No fluid

Diuretics (if respiratory compromise)

Question 8

What is shock?

Answer 8

Inability to effectively perfuse organs

Question 9

Treatment of hypovolaemic shock?

Answer 9

Fast IV infusion of fluid

Reassess BP

Question 10

What is meant by routine maintenance fluid?

Answer 10

Fluid given to patients who cannot consume fluids independently

Question 11

What does IV fluid replace?

Answer 11

Water

Electrolytes

Question 12

What is D5W?

Answer 12

Dextrose 5% Water

Question 13

What is the sodium concentration in normal saline?

Answer 13

0.9%

Question 14

What are the three classes of fluid?

Answer 14

Dextrose
Crystalloid
Colloid (protein)

Question 15

What are the 4 methods of administering fluid? (4 R’s)

Answer 15

Replacement
Routine Maintenance
Resuscitation
Redistribution