IV Fluid Therapy

Question 1

What are the different fluid compartments and how do you review them?

Answer 1

fluid compartments:

• intracellular fluid
• extracellular fluid (interstitial fluid and plasma)

reviewing them:

• what is my patients volume status
• does my patient need IV fluids
• how much fluid do they need
• what types of fluid do they need

Question 2

What are the different fluid types, their properties and clinical indication?

Answer 2

Dextrose: moves through all compartments, useful for chronic dehydration, hypernatraemia
Crystalloid: remain in ECF, useful for acute dehydration, AKI, resuscitation
Plasma expanders eg colloid (stays in IVS), IV albumin, useful for liver patients, select few intra operatively. Blood and TPN are colloids

Question 3

What are sensible and insensible losses?

Answer 3

Insensible: sepsis (sweat), ventilation, open wounds, burns, bleeding
Sensible:

Sensible: urination, vomiting, stool,

Question 4

What are the 5R’s of fluids?

Answer 4

Resuscitation
Routine maintenance
Replacement
Redistribution
A
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