IV devices, assessment/maintenance of IV access devices Flashcards
Vascular Access devices
a.) Peripheral IV catheter
b.) Ultrasound-guided PIV
c.) Midline catheter
d.) Non-tunneled percutaneous central venous catheter (CVC)
e.) Tunneled CVC
f.) Implanted port
g.) Peripherally inserted
central catheter (PICC)
Local implications of IV therapy
- Infiltration
- Extravasation
- Phlebitis- irritation of the vein
- Thrombophlebitis- blood clots formed from the phlebitis
- Site infection
- Ecchymosis/hematoma
- Nerve damage
Infiltration
IV fluid leaks into surrounding tissue (IV was not placed properly in the vain)
Infiltration symptoms
Pain, swelling, coolness, numbness, no blood return
Priority nursing actions for infiltration
- remove the IV
- Elevate the extremity
- Apply a warm or cool compress
- Do not rub the area
Phlebitis
Inflammation of the vein. Can lead to a clot(thrombophlebitis).
Phlebitis symptoms
At the site: Heat, Redness, tenderness
- decreased flow of IV
Priority nursing actions for phlebitis
- Remove the IV
- notify the HCP
- Restart the IV on the opposite side
Hematoma
Collecting of blood in the tissues(typically happens when you “blow the vein”)
Hematoma symptoms
At the site: blood, hard and painful lump, bruising
Priority nursing actions for hematoma
- Elevate the extremity
- Apply pressure and ice
Infection
Entry of microorganism into the body, via IV
Infection symptoms
- tachycardia
- redness
- swelling
- chills and fever
- malaise
- nausea and vomiting
Priority nursing actions for Infections
- remove the IV
- obtain cultures
- possible antibiotics administration
Systemic Complications of IV
therapy/vascular access
- circulatory overload (fluid overload)
- catheter air embolism
- bloodstream infection
- allergic reaction
