IV

Question 1

Intravenous Therapy: what does this mean and what two types of access there is

Answer 1

The direct injection of fluid into the venous system

Peripheral Access
Central Venous Access

Question 2

Terminology: Venepuncture

Answer 2

The puncture of a vein as part of a procedure
Taking blood
Cannulating a patient

Question 3

Terminology: Cannulation

Answer 3

The insertion of an IV luer (access device)

Question 4

IV Therapy: Purpose

Answer 4

IV Fluids will ALWAYS be prescribed
Establish & maintain hydration & fluid balance
Establish & maintain electrolyte balance
Administer medications
Provide quick, easy access in emergencies
Provide access for:
Transfuse blood & blood products
Administer long-term therapies (i.e. chemotherapy)
Infuse parenteral nutrition

Question 5

Fluid Classification

Two Groups of Fluid

Answer 5

Crystalloid and Colloid

Question 6

What are the differences between Crystalloid and Colloid

Answer 6

Crystalloid
Solutes easily mixed & dissolved in a solution
May be Isotonic/Hypotonic/Hypertonic fluid

Colloid
Colloids pull fluid into the bloodstream – known as ‘plasma expanders’
Patient needs to be monitored for hypervolaemia

Question 7

Peripheral Access / Potential sites include:

Answer 7

Metacarpal, cephalic and basilic veins [side of arm]

Neonates & children – sites include scalp veins and lower extremities