Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

finals quiz 2 itp > itp quiz 2 finals > Flashcards

itp quiz 2 finals Flashcards

1
Q

is an active system that receives information from the senses, puts that information into a usable form, and organizes it as it stores it away, and then retrieves the information from storage

A

Memory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

the set of mental operations that people perform on sensory information to convert that information into a form that is usable in the brain’s storage systems

A

Encoding

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

is the process of holding on to information for a period of time.

A

storage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

is the process of getting information that is in storage into a form that can be used

A

Retrieval

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

model of memory that assumes the processing of information for memory storage is similar to way a computer processes memory in a series of three stages

A

Information-processing model

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

model of memory in which measury processes are proposed to take place at the same time over a large network of neural connections

A
  1. Parallel distributed processing (PDP) model
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

model of memory that assumes information that is more “deeply processed,” or processed according to its meaning rather than just the sound or physical characteristics of the word or words, will be remembered more efficiently and for a longer period of time.

A

Levels-of-processing model

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

is the very first system of memory, in which raw information from the senses is held for a very brief period of time

A

sensory memory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

is the visual sensory memory, lasting only a fraction of a second

A

iconic memory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

is the ability to access a visual memory for 30 seconds or more

A

Eidetic imagery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

is the auditory sensory memory, lasting only 2-4 seconds.

A

Echoic memory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

is the memory system in which information is held for brief periods of time while being used

A

Short-term memory (STM)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

ability to focus on only one stirmalus from among all sensory input.

A

Selective attention

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

filter limits information that progresses from sensory memory to STM

A

a. Broadbent’s “bottleneck” selective-attention

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

which includes the concept of attenuation of signal strength, better explains the “cocktail party” phenomenon

A

Thesman’s two-stage filtering process

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

is an active system that processes the information in short-term memory.

A

working memory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

is the practice of saying some information to be remembered over and over in your head in order to maintain it in short-term memory

A

Maintenance rehearsal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

is the system of memory into which all the information is placed to be kept more or less permanently

A

Long-term memory (LTM)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

is a way of increasing the number of retrieval cues for information by connecting new information with something that is already well known

A

Elaborative rehearsal is

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

type of long-term memory for skills, habits, procedures, and conditioned responses. These memories are not conscious but are implied exist because they affect conscious behavior

A

Nondeclarative (implicit) memory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

is the loss of memory from the point of injury or trauma forward, or the inability to form new long-term memories

A

Anterograde amnesin is

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

type of long-term memory containing information that is conscious and known

A

Declarative (explicit) memory

23
Q

a type of declarative memory containing general knowledge, such as knowledge of language and information learned in formal education

A

Semantic memory

24
Q

is a type of declarative memory containing personal information not readily available to others, such as daily activities and events

A

Episodic memory

25
Q

model of memory organization that assumes information is stored in the brain in a connected fashion, with concepts that are related stored physically closer to each other than concepts that are not highly related.

A

Semantic network model

26
Q

is the tendency for memory of information to be improved if related information (such as surroundings or physiological state) that is available when the memory is first formed is also available when the memory is being retrieved

A

Encoding specificity

27
Q

type of memory retrieval in which the information to be retrieved must be “pulled” from memory with very few external cues.

A

Recall

28
Q

is the tendency of information at the beginning and end of a body of information to be remembered more accurately than information in the middle of the hody of information

A

Serial position effect

29
Q

is the tendency to remember information at the beginning of a body of information better than the information that follows

A

primary effect

30
Q

is the tendency to remember information at the end of a body of information better than the information that precedes it.

A

Recency effect

31
Q

Type of memory retrieval in which a piece of information or a stimulus is matched to a stored image or fact.

A

Recognition

32
Q

is the tendency of certain kinds of information to enter long-term memory with little or no effortful encoding

A

Automatic encoding

33
Q

involve a type of automatic encoding that occurs because an unexpected event has strong emotional associations for the person remembering it.

A

Flashbulb memories

34
Q

memories refers to the retrieval of memories in which those memories are altered, revised, or influenced by newer information

A

Constructive processing

35
Q

is the tendency to falsely believe, through the revision of older memories to include new information, that one could have correctly predicted the outcome of an event

A

Hindsight bias

36
Q

the tendency of misleading information presented after an event to alter the memories of the event itself

A

Misinformation effect

37
Q

is a graph showing a distinct pattern in which forgetting is very fast within the first hour after learning a list and then tapers off gradually

A

Curve of forgetting

38
Q

is spacing out the study of material to be remembered by including breaks between study periods

A

Distributed practice

39
Q

is the failure to process information into memory.

A

Encoding Failure

40
Q

is the physical change in the brain that occurs when a memory is formed

A

memory trace

41
Q

is the loss of that memory due to the passage of time during which the memory trace is not used

A

Decay

42
Q

another name for decay, assumes that memories that are not used eventually decay and disappear

A

Disuse

43
Q

memory problem that occurs when older information prevents or interferes with the learning or retrieval of newer information

A

Proactive interference

44
Q

memory problem that occurs when newer information prevents or interferes with the retrieval of older information.

A

Retroactive interference

45
Q

are stored in the cerebellum

A

Nondeclarative memories

46
Q

are stored in the prefrontal and temporal lobes of the cortex

A

Short-term memories

47
Q

objects is most likely stored in the amygdala

A

Memory for fear

48
Q

consists of the changes that take place in the structure and functioning of neurons when a memory is formed.

A

Consolidation

49
Q

loss of memory from the point of injury or trauma backward, or loss of memory for the

A

Retrograde amnesia:

50
Q

the loss of memories from the point of injury or illness forward.

A

Anterograde amnesia:

51
Q

Anterograde amnesia is the primary memory problem in early stage. As disease progresses, memories of the past seem to begin “erasing” as retrograde anmesin also takes hold.

A

Alzheimer’s disease:

52
Q

inability to retrieve memories from much before age 3

A

Infantile amnesia

53
Q

the memory for events and facts related to one’s personal life story

A

Autobiographical memory:

finals quiz 2 itp (1 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions