ITIL4 Terminology Def Flashcards
acceptance criteria
A list of minimum requirements that a service or service component must meet for it to be acceptable to key stakeholders.
Agile
An umbrella term for a collection of frameworks and techniques that together enable teams and individuals to work in a way that is typified by collaboration, prioritization, iterative and incremental delivery, and timeboxing. There are several specific methods (or frameworks) that are classed as Agile, such as Scrum,
architecture management
practice
The practice of providing an understanding of all the different
elements that make up an organization and how those elements
relate to one another.
asset register
A database or list of assets, capturing key attributes such as
ownership and financial value.
availability
The ability of an IT service or other configuration item to perform
its agreed function when required.
availability management
practice
The practice of ensuring that services deliver agreed levels of
availability to meet the needs of customers and users.
baseline
A report or metric that serves as a starting point against which
progress or change can be assessed.
best practice
A way of working that has been proven to be successful by
multiple organizations.
big data
The use of very large volumes of structured and unstructured data
from a variety of sources to gain new insights.
business analysis practice
The practice of analysing a business or some element of a
business, defining its needs and recommending solutions to
address these needs and/or solve a business problem, and create
value for stakeholders.
business case
A justification for expenditure of organizational resources,
providing information about costs, benefits, options, risks, and
issues.
business impact analysis (BIA)
A key activity in the practice of service continuity management
that identifies vital business functions and their dependencies.
business relationship manager
BRM
A role responsible for maintaining good relationships with one or
more customers.
call
An interaction (e.g. a telephone call) with the service desk. A call could result in an incident or a service request being logged.
call/contact centre
An organization or business unit that handles large numbers of
incoming and outgoing calls and other interactions.
capability
The ability of an organization, person, process, application,
configuration item, or IT service to carry out an activity.
capacity and performance
management practice
The practice of ensuring that services achieve agreed and
expected performance levels, satisfying current and future
demand in a cost-effective way.
capacity planning
The activity of creating a plan that manages resources to meet demand for services.
change
The addition, modification, or removal of anything that could
have a direct or indirect effect on services.
change authority
A person or group responsible for authorizing a change.
change control practice
The practice of ensuring that risks are properly assessed,
authorizing changes to proceed and managing a change schedule
in order to maximize the number of successful service and
product changes.
change model
A repeatable approach to the management of a particular type of
change.
change schedule
A calendar that shows planned and historical changes.
charging
The activity that assigns a price for services.
cloud computing
A model for enabling on-demand network access to a shared pool
of configurable computing resources that can be rapidly provided
with minimal management effort or provider interaction.
compliance
The act of ensuring that a standard or set of guidelines is
followed, or that proper, consistent accounting or other practices
are being employed.
confidentiality
A security objective that ensures information is not made
available or disclosed to unauthorized entities.
configuration
An arrangement of configuration items (CIs) or other resources
that work together to deliver a product or service. Can also be
used to describe the parameter settings for one or more CIs.
configuration item (CI)
Any component that needs to be managed in order to deliver an
IT service.
configuration management
database (CMDB)
A database used to store configuration records throughout their
lifecycle. The CMDB also maintains the relationships between
configuration records.
configuration management
system (CMS)
A set of tools, data, and information that is used to support
service configuration management.
configuration record
A record containing the details of a configuration item (CI). Each
configuration record documents the lifecycle of a single CI.
Configuration records are stored in a configuration management
database.
continual improvement
practice
The practice of aligning an organization?s practices and services
with changing business needs through the ongoing identification
and improvement of all elements involved in the effective
management of products and services.
continuous deployment
An integrated set of practices and tools used to deploy software
changes into the production environment. These software changes
have already passed pre-defined automated tests.
continuous integration /
continuous delivery
An integrated set of practices and tools used to merge
developers? code, build and test the resulting software, and
package it so that it is ready for deployment.
control
The means of managing a risk, ensuring that a business objective
is achieved, or that a process is followed.
cost
The amount of money spent on a specific activity or resource.
cost centre
A business unit or project to which costs are assigned.
critical success factor (CSF)
A necessary precondition for the achievement of intended results.
culture
A set of values that is shared by a group of people, including
expectations about how people should behave, ideas, beliefs, and
practices.
customer
A person who defines the requirements for a service and takes
responsibility for the outcomes of service consumption.
customer experience (CX)
The sum of functional and emotional interactions with a service
and service provider as perceived by a service consumer.
dashboard
A real-time graphical representation of data.
deliver and support
The value chain activity that ensures services are delivered and
supported according to agreed specifications and stakeholders?
expectations.
demand
Input to the service value system based on opportunities and
needs from internal and external stakeholders.
deployment
The movement of any service component into any environment.
deployment management
practice
The practice of moving new or changed hardware, software,
documentation, processes, or any other service component to live
environments.
design and transition
The value chain activity that ensures products and services
continually meet stakeholder expectations for quality, costs, and
time to market.
design thinking
A practical and human-centred approach used by product and
service designers to solve complex problems and find practical
and creative solutions that meet the needs of an organization and
its customers.
development environment
An environment used to create or modify IT services or
applications.
DevOps
An organizational culture that aims to improve the flow of value
to customers. DevOps focuses on culture, automation, Lean,
measurement, and sharing (CALMS).
digital transformation
The evolution of traditional business models to meet the needs of
highly empowered customers, with technology playing an enabling
role.
disaster
A sudden unplanned event that causes great damage or serious
loss to an organization. A disaster results in an organization failing
to provide critical business functions for some predetermined
minimum period of time.
disaster recovery plans
A set of clearly defined plans related to how an organization will
recover from a disaster as well as return to a pre-disaster
condition, considering the four dimensions of service
management.
driver
Something that influences strategy, objectives, or requirements.
effectiveness
A measure of whether the objectives of a practice, service or
activity have been achieved.
efficiency
A measure of whether the right amount of resources have been used by a practice, service, or activity.
emergency change
A change that must be introduced as soon as possible.
engage
The value chain activity that provides a good understanding of
stakeholder needs, transparency, continual engagement, and
good relationships with all stakeholders.
environment
A subset of the IT infrastructure that is used for a particular
purpose, for example a live environment or test environment. Can
also mean the external conditions that influence or affect
something.
error
A flaw or vulnerability that may cause incidents.
error control
Problem management activities used to manage known errors.
escalation
The act of sharing awareness or transferring ownership of an issue
or work item.
event
Any change of state that has significance for the management of a
service or other configuration item.
external customer
A customer who works for an organization other than the service
provider.
failure
A loss of ability to operate to specification, or to deliver the
required output or outcome.
feedback loop
A technique whereby the outputs of one part of a system are used
as inputs to the same part of the system.
four dimensions of service
management
The four perspectives that are critical to the effective and
efficient facilitation of value for customers and other
stakeholders in the form of products and services.
goods
Tangible resources that are transferred or available for transfer
from a service provider to a service consumer, together with
ownership and associated rights and responsibilities.
governance
The means by which an organization is directed and controlled.
identity
A unique name that is used to identify and grant system access
rights to a user, person, or role.
improve
The value chain activity that ensures continual improvement of
products, services, and practices across all value chain activities
and the four dimensions of service management.
incident
An unplanned interruption to a service or reduction in the quality
of a service.
incident management
The practice of minimizing the negative impact of incidents by
restoring normal service operation as quickly as possible.
information and technology
One of the four dimensions of service management. It includes
the information and knowledge used to deliver services, and the
information and technologies used to manage all aspects of the
service value system.
information security
management practice
The practice of protecting an organization by understanding and
managing risks to the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of
information.
information security policy
The policy that governs an organization?s approach to information security management.
infrastructure and platform
management practice
The practice of overseeing the infrastructure and platforms used
by an organization. This enables the monitoring of technology
solutions available, including solutions from third parties.
integrity
A security objective that ensures information is only modified by
authorized personnel and activities.
internal customer
A customer who works for the same organization as the service
provider.
Internet of Things
The interconnection of devices via the internet that were not
traditionally thought of as IT assets, but now include embedded
computing capability and network connectivity.
IT asset
Any financially valuable component that can contribute to the
delivery of an IT product or service.
IT asset management practice
The practice of planning and managing the full lifecycle of all IT
assets.
IT infrastructure
All of the hardware, software, networks, and facilities that are
required to develop, test, deliver, monitor, manage, and support
IT services.
IT service
A service based on the use of information technology.
ITIL
Best-practice guidance for IT service management.