ITGS Ch. 11 1-72 Terms Flashcards
In a database, confirms that only textual characters are entered in a field
Alphabetic Check
The branch of computer science that deals with the attempt to create computers that think like humans
Artificial Intelligence (AI)
The accumulation of transaction data until a certain point is reached, at which time several transactions are processed at once
Batch Processing
Systems used to analyze and interpret data in order to enable managers to make informed decisions about how best to run a business
Business Intelligence Systems
Software used on company websites to capture information about each click that users make as they navigate through the site
Clickstream data
In a database, ensures that all required fields have been completed
Completeness Check
In a database, compares the values of data in two or more fields to see if those values are reasonable
Consistency Check
A digital collection of related data that can be stored, sorted, organized, and queried
Database
An information technology professional responsible for designing, constructing, and maintaining databases
Database Administrator [Database Designer]
A specially designed application software used to create and manage databases
Database Management System (DBMS)
When data is maintained in only one file
Data Centralization
A map of a database that defines the features of the fields in the database
Data Dictionary (Database Schema)
Data for a record being different in two different lists
Data Inconsistency
When the data in a database is accurate and reliable
Data Integrity
Small slices of a data warehouse grouped together and separated from the main body of data in the data warehouse so that related sets of data can be analyzed
Data Mart
The process by which great amounts of data are analyzed and investigated; the objective is to spot significant patterns or trends within the data that would otherwise not be obvious
Data Mining
Duplicated data in a list
Data Redundancy
The act of formatting data from source databases before fitting it into a data warehouse; it consists of three steps: extraction, transformation, and storage
Data Staging
(1) Describes the kind of data being stored at the memory location; each programming language has its own (although there is some degree of overlap); (2) Indicates what type of data can be stored in a field and prevents the wrong type of data from being entered
Data Type (Field Type)
A large-scale collection of data that contains and organizes in one place all the data from an organization’s multiple databases
Data Warehouse
A type of business intelligence system designed to help managers develop solutions for specific problems
Decision Support System (DSS)
The value a database automatically uses for a field unless the user enters another value
Default Value
A report generated by a management information system that provides a list of the transactions that occurred during a certain time period
Detail Report
A business intelligence system that accumulates in a central location all information relevant to running a business and makes it readily available to whoever needs it to make decisions
Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) System
A report generated by a management information system that shows conditions that are unusual or that need attention by system users
Exception Report
A system that tries to replicate the decision-making processes of human experts in order to solve specific problems
Expert System
The component of a database in which the database stores each category of information
Field
A property that must be satisfied for an entry to be accepted into the field
Field Constraint