Iteration vs Recursion

Question 1

What is the main difference between iteration and recursion?

Answer 1

Iteration uses loops (for / while), while recursion calls itself with a base case.

Question 2

Which is more memory-efficient: iteration or recursion?

Answer 2

Iteration (recursion uses extra space in the call stack).

Question 3

What is the main disadvantage of recursion?

Answer 3

High memory usage (due to call stack).

Question 4

What is the best way to convert recursion to iteration?

Answer 4

Use an explicit stack (for DFS-like problems) or loop with accumulators (for tail-recursion cases).