ITE/CS no.1 Flashcards
electronic device that inputs data, processes data, outputs, and stores information.
COMPUTER
the manipulation of digitized information by computers and other digital electronic equipment.
INFORMATION PROCESSING SYSTEM (IPS)
A collection of independent and unorganized facts
DATA
the processed and organized data presented in a meaningful form.
INFORMATION
the course of doing things in a sequence of step
DATA PROCESSING
a series of instructions that tell a computer how to carry out a processing task.
COMPUTER PROGRAM/SOFTWARE
3 Major components of an information processing system
- HARDWARE
- SOFTWARE
- PEOPLEWARE
the tangible part of a computer system.
HARDWARE
the non-tangible part that tells the computer how to do its job
SOFTWARE
people who use and operate the computer system, write computer programs and analyze and design the information system.
PEOPLEWARE
information provided to the computer by a person, the environment, or another computer
INPUT
the manipulation of data
PROCESSING
the result produced by a computer after processing the data
OUTPUT
location where to save the output
STORAGE
reducing the electricity consumed and environmental waste generated when using a computer.
GREEN COMPUTING
The tangible parts of a computer
COMPUTER HARDWARE
the brain of the computer
PROCESSING DEVICE
made up of one or more sets of chips that store data or program instructions either temporarily or permanently.
MEMORY DEVICES
A type of memory device that holds data and program instructions temporarily while the CPU works with them
RANDOM ACCESS MEMORY (RAM)
A type of memory device that permanently store programs
READ-ONLY MEMORY(ROM)
accept data and instructions from the user or another computer system.
INPUT DEVICES
return processed data to the user or another computer system
OUTPUT DEVICES
any auxiliary device that connects to and works with the computer in some way
PERIPHERAL DEVICES
types of keyboard(5)
- traditional keyboards
- flexible keyboards
- ergonomic keyboards
- wireless keyboards
- PDA keyboards
a type of computer mouse that has a rubber or metal ball on its underside, and it can roll in every direction.
MECHANICAL MOUSE
A type of computer mouse that uses a laser for detecting the mouse’s movement.
OPTICAL MOUSE
Types of pointing device
- JOYSTICK
- LIGHT PENS
- STYLUS
converts an image of something outside a computer into a digital image for display or further processing.
SCANNING DEVICE
any type of hardware capable of transmitting data
COMMUNICATION DEVICES
an output device that displays information in a pictorial form.
COMPUTER MONITOR
A type of printer that uses pressure by physically striking the paper, e.g. dot matrix printers & band printers.
IMPACT PRINTER
A type of printer that does not apply pressure on the paper but instead produces character by using lasers, ink spray, photography, or heat.
NON-IMPACT PRINTER
used to hold data permanently, even when the computer is turned off
STORAGE DEVICES
any non-volatile storage device that is internal or external to the computer.
also known as an auxiliary storage device or external storage.
SECONDARY STORAGE DEVICE
an old-school storage device that uses mechanical platters and a moving read/write head to access data.
HARD DISK DRIVE (HDD)
a newer, faster type of device that stores data on instantly-accessible memory chips.
SOLID STATE DRIVE
the set of instructions that makes the computer perform tasks
COMPUTER SOFTWARE
any program that controls the computer’s hardware or that can be used to maintain the computer in some way so that it runs more efficiently.
SYSTEM SOFTWARE
A type of system software that tells the computer how to use its components
OPERATING SYSTEM (OS)
allows computers to communicate and share data across a network while controlling network operations and overseeing the network’s security.
NETWORK OPERATING SYSTEM
a program that makes the computer system more comfortable to use or performs highly specialized functions.
UTILITY
tells the computer how to accomplish specific tasks, such as word processing or drawing, for the user
APPLICATION SOFTWARE
A type of application software that is widely used in all career areas.
BASIC APPLICATIONS
A type of application software that is more narrowly focused on specific disciplines and occupations
SPECIALIZED APPLICATIONS
first widely installed operating system for personal computers
DISK OPERATING SYSTEM
through this, users can interact directly with the operating system
GRAPHICAL USER INTERFACE (GUI)
the words, numbers, and graphics used as the basis for human actions and decisions.
INFORMATION
a set of data that has been given a name
FILE
a place where groups of computer files and other folders can be kept and organized.
FOLDER
arrangement of data in a file and the coding scheme that is used to represent the data.
EXTENSIONS AND FORMATS
contains text, images, or other data that can be used by a program.
DATA FILES
contain programs or instructions that tell the computer how to perform a task.
EXECUTABLE FILES
Give the 3 basic types of system software
- OPERATING SYSTEM
- NETWORK OPERATING SYSTEM
- UTILITY
Give the 2 types of application software:
- BASIC APPLICATION
- SPECIALIZED APPLICATIONS
