ITE 2021 Flashcards
Haldane Effect
Process of oxygen binding to hemoglobin and displacing CO2, resulting in a downward shift of the CO2 dissociation curve & facilitating removal of CO2 from the body
Bohr Effect
Process of CO2 binding to hemoglobin and displacing O2, resulting in a rightward shift of the oxygen-hemoglobin dissociation curve
Boyle’s Law
Pressure of a gas is inversely proportional to its volume at a constant temperature
Dalton’s Law
Total pressure of a non-reacting gas mixture is equal to the sum of the partial pressures of the individual gases in the mixture
Vapor pressure, B:G of SEVOFLURANE
160
0.69
Vapor pressure, B:G of DESFLURANE
681
0.42
Vapor pressure, B:G of ISOFLURANE
240
1.4
Vapor pressure, B:G of HALOTHANE
243
2.5
Vapor pressure, B:G of N2O
38,770
0.47
Vapor pressure, B:G of ENFLURANE
175
1.9
MELD score
Bilirubin
INR
Creatinine
Normal plasma electrolyte composition
Na 140 K 5 Cl 100 Ca 4.4 Mg 2 Bicarb 24 Lactate 1 Osmolarity 285
0.9% NaCl
Na 154
Cl 154
Osmolarity 308
1.8% NaCl
Na 308
Cl 308
Osmolarity 616
Lactated Ringer’s
Na 130 K 4 Cl 109 Ca 3 Lactate 28 Osmolarity 273
Plasmalyte/Normosol
Na 140 K 5 Cl 98 Mg 3 Osmolarity 294
Hartmann Solution
Na 131 K 5 Cl 111 Ca 4 Lactate 29 Osmolarity 275
5% Dextrose
Glucose 50
Osmolarity 252
5% Dextrose/0.45% NaCl
Na 77
Cl 77
Glucose 50
Osmolarity 406
5% Dextrose/LR
Na 130 K 4 Cl 109 Ca 3 Lactate 0 Glucose 50 Osmolarity 525
Hydroxyethyl Starch 6%
Na 154
Cl 154
Osmolarity 309
Acetazolamide
Alkalinizes urine, resulting in decreased serum bicarb, = K+ and Na+, BUT increased serum H+ and Cl-
Butorphanol
Mixed mu opioid receptor agonist-antagonist (good for treating pain & post-neuraxial pruritis)
AND kappa opioid receptor partial agonist (good for treating post-op shivering)
Most common valvulopathy associated with RA
Mitral valve disease (specifically mitral regurgitation)
