ITE Flashcards
Sensory aspect of the corneal reflex is mediated by
Ophthalmic division of the trigeminal nerve (CNV)
Motor aspect of the corneal reflex is mediated by
Facial nerve (CN VII)
What can be seen in magnesium toxicity when levels rise between 7-12 mg/dL
Absent deep tendon reflexes
Oxyhemoglobin dissociation curve shifts which way in newborn babies
left
Fetal oxyhemoglobin dissociation curve shifts which way as it releases carbon dioxide into the maternal circulation
left
Hypernatremia would lead to an increase in osmolality resulting in secretion of
vasopressin
Succinylcholine is degraded by
butyrylcholinesterase/ pseudocholinesterase / plasma cholinesterase
Which muscle is located immediately posterolateral to the brachial plexus roots
middle scalene
metabolizes inhaled anesthetics
CYP 2E1
patients with obstructive sleep apnea are susceptible to respiratory depressant effects of
benzodiazepines, opiates, and neuroleptics
Carbon monoxide is produced when which volatile anesthetic reacts with desiccated carbon dioxide absorbents that contain strong bases
desflurane
Parasympathetic activation (acetylcholine release) at the bladder detrusor muscle results in
detrusor muscle contraction
Sympathetic activation (norepinephrine release) at the gut results in
decreased gut motility
Predictor of difficult mask ventilation
male gender
Only intravenous or inhaled anesthetic that increases blood flow in the
liver
Most common volatile anesthetic that causes emergence delirium
Sevoflurane
Volatile anesthetic that increases heart rate starting at 0.25 MAC
Isoflurane
Most common type of radiation clinical staff are exposed to
scatter radiation
Effect of epinephrine on epidural bupivacaine
minimally prolongs duration of action (duration of action already so long)
Was introduced in the early 2000s and has helped surgeons further identify the recurrent laryngeal nerve
intraoperative nerve monitoring
Do not alter the seizure threshold in patients with renal failure
opioids
Required fresh gas flow during spontaneous ventilation for this circuit is slightly less than the minute ventilation and is therefore the most efficienct
Mapleson A
Washout of nitrous oxide can lead to
hypocarbia
Effect of abdominal insufflation on pulmonary compliance
Decreased (which then increases peak inspiratory and plateau pressures
Fasting interval for breast milk
4 hours (because breast milk leads to higher gastric residual volumes)
At full term gestation, tidal volume is
increased 20-50%
Minute ventilation at full-term gestation
increased
Increased plasma Na+ increases what
strong ion difference
Alpha/type I error
null hypothesis is incorrectly rejected when there really was no difference
Dexmedetomidine mechanism of analgesia
agonist to peripheral and central alpha-2 receptors in the dorsal horn of the spinal cord
After how long under anesthesia does core temperature monitoring need to be done
30 minutes
Shunt fraction equation
Qs/Qt = (1n-SaO2) / (1-SvO2)
Hypotension effect on changes in PaCO2
Decreased responsiveness
Morquio syndrome is associated with
atlantoaxial instabiligy
Numerous B-lines on pulmonary ultrasound indicates
pulmonary edema
Adverse effect of nitrous oxide use in seriously ill patients or with chronic use
Megaloblastic anemia
How vasopressin maintains osmolality
Inserting aquaporin channels in the collecting duct
Greatest risk factor for postoperative visual loss
length of procedure in prone position
Left circumflex artery supplies the
anterolateral papillary muscle
Large-volume nerve block with the potential to cause local anesthetic systemic toxicity
transversus abdominis plane block
Isovolemic hemodilution effect on cardiac output and systemic vascular resistance
increases cardiac output and decreases systemic vascular resistance
Low molecular weight heparin clearance mechanism
Relies on renal clearance for up to 40% of its elimination
Can reduce wall stress on cerebral aneurysms
Controlled hypotension
Inhaled anesthetics effect on respiratory rate
Increased in a dose-dependent manner
