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Dentistry > ITD terms > Flashcards

ITD terms Flashcards

1
Q

Ablation

A

Removal of any part of the body or removal of a growth or harmful substance from the body.

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2
Q

Abscess

A

Pus collection due to an infection.

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3
Q

Alveolar/Apical/Dentoalveolar/Periapical abscess

A

Abscess involving the apical region of the root, alveolus and surrounding bone as a result of pulpal disease.

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4
Q

Gingival abscess

A

Superficial periodontal abscess occurring within the free gingival sulcus surrounding the tooth (frequently caused by impaction of food).

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5
Q

Lateral abscess/periodontal abscess

A

Abscess involving the attachment tissues and alveolar bone as a result of periodontal disease.

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6
Q

Periradicular abscess

A

Abscess involving the Periradicular region of the root, alveolus and surrounding bone as a result of pulpal disease.

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7
Q

Pulpal abscess

A

Abscess occurring within the pulpal tissue.

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8
Q

Staphylococcal abscess

A

Abscess caused by the bacteria S. aureus, an infectious agent that can be transmitted via saliva and other discharges of the body. Bacteria is communicable.

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9
Q

Adenopathy

A

Adeno (lymphatic glands) Pathy (Pathologic). An enlargement or increase in size of glandular organs or tissues usually resulting from disease processes. Rise in the size of a lymphatic ganglion. (Virus, bacteria, cancer)

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10
Q

Agenesis

A

(A- usually means lack of) The defective development or congenital absence of parts. Lack of development or formation of any part.

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11
Q

Alveolus

A

Hole where roots of teeth are. Tooth is attached by means of the periodontal ligament. Cavity in maxilar or jawbone

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12
Q

Amelogenesis

A

Amelo (enamel) Genesis (development). The process during which the enamel matrix is formed by ameloblasts.

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13
Q

Analgesia

A

An insensibility to pain without loss of consciousness

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14
Q

Anamnesis

A

A history of disease or injury based on the patient’s memory or recall at the time of medical and/ or dental examination and interview

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15
Q

Anodontia

A

An (lack of) odontia (teeth). Aphasia of dentition. The complete failure of teeth to form. The total absence of teeth. Babies are not andontic (the teeth are there).

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16
Q

Ankylosis

A

Lack of movement. An abnormal fixation and immobility of a joint.

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17
Q

Articulator

A

Device to place casts so movements of mandible can be mimicked.

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18
Q

TMJ

A

Temporomandibular joint. Joint formed by the two condyles of the mandible.

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19
Q

Attrition

A

The normal loss of tooth substance resulting from friction caused by physiologic forces.

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20
Q

Autoclave

A

Device for effecting sterilization by steam underpressure.

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21
Q

Avulsion/evulsion

A

The displacement of a tooth from its alveolar housing; may be partial or complete. Usually, due to trauma.

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22
Q

Barodontalgia

A

Bar (pressure) odont (tooth) algia (pain). Sudden sharp tooth pain which may occur in response to a decrease, in atmospheric pressure such as that experienced during flight at high altitudes.

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23
Q

Bruxism

A

The involuntary gnashing, grinding or clenching of teeth.it is usually an unconscious behaviour, wether the individual is awake or asleep. Often associated with fatigue, anxiety, emotional stress or fear and frequently triggered b y occlusal irregularities.

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24
Q

Carogenic

A

The development of cavities. Something related to cavity development. Often used in the context of describing sugary foods which are contributing to the advancement of caries.

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25
Q

Cellulitis

A

A diffuse inflammatory p process that spreads along facial planes and through tissue spaces without gross suppuration. Cellulitis often becomes an abscess.

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26
Q

Cervical

A

Regarding the neck of tooth or head.

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27
Q

Condyle

A

The rounded surface at the particular end ot a bone. Also called capitulum.

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28
Q

Congenital

A

Something you’re bom with. Present at birth and usually developed in utero.

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29
Q

Dentin

A

The portion of the tooth that lies subjacent to the enamel and cementum. Consists of an organic matrix on which mineral (calcific) salts are deposited. Of mesodermal origin.

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30
Q

Enamel

A

Hard glistening tissue covering the anatomic crown of the tooth. This is the outermost part of the crown.

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31
Q

Ethology

A

Study of causes

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32
Q

Exodontics

A

Science and practice of removing teeth from the oral cavity as performed by dental professionals.

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33
Q

Fistula

A

Making a tract for puss to leave internal cavity.

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34
Q

Follicle/dental sac

A

A portion of the tooth germ consisting of ectomesenchyme surrounding the outside of the enamel organ, which produces the periodontium of a tooth.

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35
Q

Frenum

A

Little skin which attaches the lip to gums and tongue to bottom of mouth.

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36
Q

Friable

A

Brittle or fragile; easily damaged.

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37
Q

Gnathion

A

Chins lowest point

38
Q

Hypercementosis

A

An excessive formation of cementum on the roots of one or more teeth. Usually happens at apex.

39
Q

Hyperesthesia

A

Hyper (excessive) esthesia ( sensitivity).a n excessive sensitivity of the skin or ofa special sense.

40
Q

Hyperplasia

A

Hyper (excessive). Excessive growing of any tissue. The abnormal multiplication or increases n the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in a tissue or organ.

41
Q

Iatrogenic

A

Originating as a result of professional care. We know why something happened and its because of us.

42
Q

Idiopathic

A

Something happens and we don’t know why. Its not that there is no reason as tow my it happened, its that me don’t know the reason.

43
Q

Impaction, tooth

A

A situation in which an unerupted tooth is wedged against another tooth or teeth or otherwise located so that it cannot erupt normally. Now here to grow and no pathway for it to erupt.

44
Q

Ipsilateral

A

Originating or occurring on the same side of the body.

45
Q

Ischemia

A

Lack of blood and oxygen to a part of body or local anemia. Results from encroachment of lumen of an artery or the capillaries supplying the affected area. (Margarida’s white fingers)

46
Q

Labile

A

Unstable

47
Q

Luxation

A

Displacement of joint from supposed place in joint.

48
Q

Macrodontia

A

Macro (too big) odontia (tooth). Abnormally large teeth, may be partial or complete.

49
Q

Malocclusion

A

Deviation in intramaxillary and/or intermaxillary relations of teeth that presents a hazard to the individuals Oral health. (Normal - class 3)

50
Q

Mesiodens

A

Supernumerary tooth appearing in an erupted or unerupted state between the two maxillary central incisors.

51
Q

Microdontia

A

Micro (too small) odontia (tooth). Abnormally small teeth, can apply to one or several.

52
Q

Model, buccal

A

Replica of teeth

53
Q

Necrosis

A

Death of cell/tissue. Pulp is no longer alive. The local death of cells resulting from loss of blood supply, bacterial toxins or physical or chemical agents.

54
Q

Obturation

A

The act of closing or occluding (filling)

55
Q

Occlusal

A

Pertaining to the contacting surfaces of opposing occlusal units (teeth or occlusion rims). Pertaining to the masticating surfaces of the posterior teeth. Molars and premolars - part me chew with.

56
Q

Occlusion

A

The act of closure or state of being closed. General contact between upper and lower teeth when closed.
A contact between the incising or masticating surfaces of me maxillary and mandibular teeth.

57
Q

Odontogenesis

A

The process of tooth formation. Odontogenesis imperfecta - a generic term that includes simultaneous defects in epithelial and mesenchymal tissue involved in tooth development.

58
Q

Odontoma

A

Oma (tumour). Growth of something similar to the structure of teeth. A common hepatoma made of dentin, enamel, cementum and pulp tissue. Two types exist: complex odontoma and compound odontoma. These things have enamel, dentins and sometimes pulp.

59
Q

Oligodontia

A

Oligo (few, in very small amount). A subcategory of hypodontia in which six or more teeth fail to develop.

60
Q

Palate

A

Bone and soft tissue on root of mouth. Hard and soft.

61
Q

Paradontosis/periodontitis aggressive

A

A periodontal disease that manifests before age 35. Causes rapid loss of the periodontium and does nut respond easily to periodontal treatment. Disease of tissue around tooth which causes us to loose peridontum and bone.

62
Q

Paresthesia

A

Esthesia (feeling/sensation). Alteration in the feeling of the part in contact with nerve. May feel bumping prickling, formication. Usually temporary.

63
Q

Parulis

A

An abscess becomes chronicle. An elevated nodule at the site of a fistula draining a chronic periodical abscess.

64
Q

Pathogenesis

A

The course of an illness or condition, from its ongoing to manifestation and outbreak.

65
Q

Periodontal

A

All tissues next to booth. Relating to the perioduntium.

66
Q

Periodontitis

A

The alterations occurring in the periodontium with inflammation (gingivitis). A chronic progressive disease of the periodontium. Considered under the classification of periodontal disease.

67
Q

Periodontium

A

The fishes that support the teeth, which include gingivae, cementum of the tooth, periodontal ligament and alveolar bone.

68
Q

Probe

A

A slender flexible instrument designed for introduction into a wound or caning for purposes of exploration; in dentistry it is mainly used for measuring and evaluating the sulcus or pocket region.

69
Q

Prognathism

A

A facial disharmony in which one or both jaws project forward. Overbite, underbite or Just long mouth.

70
Q

Prosthodontia/prosthodontics

A

part of dentistry which builds artificial substitutes. For restoration, maintenance of oval function, comfort, appearance and health of the patient by replacement of missing teeth and contagious tissues with artificial substitutes. Removable, fixed and maxillofacial.

71
Q

Pulp

A

Tissue in the central portion of the tooth made up of blood vessels, nerves and cellular elements.

72
Q

Pulpectomy

A

Complete removal of pulp from pulp chamber and root-canal.

73
Q

Pulpitis

A

Inflammation of the pupal tissue of a tooth

74
Q

Pulpotomy

A

Partial removal of pulp.

75
Q

Raphe, median palatine

A

The ridge of oral mucosa that marks the median line of the hard palate and the median palatine suture between the two palatial shelves to the form secondary palate embryonically.

76
Q

Recidivism

A

The tendency for an ill person to relapse or return to the hospital. The return to a life of crime after conviction and sentence.

77
Q

Retrognathism

A

Facial disharmony in which one or both jaws (usually the mandible) are posterior to normal facial relationships.

78
Q

Calculus, dental (tartar)

A

A hard deposit on the exposed surfaces of the teeth and any oral prosthesis within the oral canny, IT is composed of calcium phosphate, calcium carbonate, magnesium phosphate, and other elements within an organic matrix composed of plaque, microorganisms and other debris.

79
Q

Scaling

A

Removal of deposits from the teeth.

80
Q

Sepsis, oral

A

An older term for a condition occurring within the oral cavity and adjacent areas charactenzed by the presence of pathogens.

81
Q

Stomatology

A

Now we call this dentistry. An older term for the study of the morphology, structure, function and diseases of the contents and linings of the oral cavity.

82
Q

Torus

A

Excessive growing of bone, common in lower area of mouth. A bulging projection of bone.

83
Q

Trismus

A

Spasms of the muscles of mastication resulting in the inability to open the oral cavity. Unable to open/close mouth correctly because of spasms.

84
Q

Uvula

A

Dangly thing in the back of throat.

85
Q

Vestibule, buccal

A

Space between the alveolar ridge and the teeth or the residual ridge and the cheek distal to the buccal frenum.

86
Q

Vermilion border

A

Pink part of lips. the junction between lip and facial skin.

87
Q

Hygiene

A

Mechanical and chemical cleaning of substances and surfaces to remove dust and dirt thereby decreasing the microorganisms

88
Q

Disinfection

A

A process capable of removing most pathogens. Often resistant forms remain

89
Q

Sterilisation

A

Process that eliminates all microorganisms (including viruses, spores and fungi). It represents the highest level of antimicrobial struggle and it can be controlled.

90
Q

Ergonomic

A

Ergo (work) Nomic (natural laws or systems). Science that studies the adaptation of work to man

Dentistry (3 decks)

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