Italy. Unit 1: From Liberalism to Fascism, 1918-1924 Flashcards
Who was Alberto de Stefani?
Alberto de Stefani was appointed as finance minister in 1922 and he made economic policies that pleased the industrialists.
What was the Fascist Grand Council?
Musso creates Fascist Grand Council in December 1922 to assert control over the fascist party.
What was the MVSN?
Regional fascist squads are formed into a national militia, called MVSN (National Security Guards or Milizia Volontaria per la Sicurezza Nazionale). So in 1923 Musso had a paramilitary organization of over 30000 people and takes power away from the ras.
What was the Nationalist Party?
Italian political party also known as the ‘blueshirts’. They merge with the PNF in 1923
What was the Confederation of Fascist Syndicates?
A replacement for the trade unions created in 1922. Fascist-controlled syndicates. Supposed to represent the worker’s interests.
What was the Chigi Palace pact?
The Fascist Syndicates are opposed by many industralists members of the Confindustria. The 1923 pact: industrialists cooperate with the syndicates but can continue with their independent orgs.
What was the Acerbo Law?
A new electoral law introduced in 1923 that determined that two thirds of the seats in the parliament would be given to the party that got 25% of the votes or more. This would be a way for the Fascists to dominate politics legally.
What was the Corfu Incident?
An Italian General murdered in Corfu (Greek Island), so Mussolini demanded compensation and an apology. When the Greeks refused, Mussolini invaded Corfu in 1923, and the Greeks gave in. Which was a great foreign policy success.
What was the Ceka?
A secret gang to terrorise anti-fascists, created in 1924, in the run op the 1924 elections which will see a Fascist victory.
What was the Matteotti crisis?
Matteotti, leader of the socialists, condemned fascist violence and corruption in front of the new, 1924, parliament. He was abducted and murdered the 10 of June, presumably by the Ceka under Dumini. To win back the lost popular support, Mussolini ordered the arrest of the Ceka. On the 18th of Aug, Matteotti’s body was found.
What was the Aventine Secession?
The opposition deputies walked out of the chamber in 1924 in protest to Mussolini’s suspension of the Parliament. This protest known as Aventine Secession aimed to make the King dismiss Mussolini, however it was not successful as the King refused to condemn Mussolini
What was the Ban on opposition party meetings?
Supported by industrialists, liberals, and conservatives, Mussolini moved more towards censorship and then ended up banning meetings of opposition parties in August 1924.
