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History - Italy > Italy > Flashcards

Italy Flashcards

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1
Q

Risorgimento?

A

The unification of italy
United in 1861
Lasting over 60 years

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2
Q

Fascism?

A

Extreme nationalist views segregating minority groups (far right)

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3
Q

National identity?

A

What ties you to your nationality

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4
Q

Nationalism?

A

Pride to be apart of your country

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5
Q

Franchise?

A

Who has the right to vote

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6
Q

Grandezza ?

A

Italys desire for an empire

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7
Q

Transformismo ?

A

The solving of the corruption within italian politics

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8
Q

Italia irredenta ?

A

Unredeemed Italy in Austria

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9
Q

Triple alliance ?

A

Alliance with Germany and Austria in 1882

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10
Q

Socialism ?

A

Believed in worker’s rights and formed unions

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11
Q

Syndacalism ?

A

Believed that workers should seize control of industry and the state by force

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12
Q

Futurism ?

A

Believed Italy’s conservative values should be swept away by war & recreated to restore greatness

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13
Q

Irredentism and Empire ?

A

Wanted Italy to assert itself overseas & reclaim unredeemed lands to create an empire.

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14
Q

Giovanni Giolitti ?

A

PM in 1903 who wanted to perfect transformismo

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15
Q

Problems of Liberal Italy 1870 - 96 ?

A
  • lack of italian identity
  • hostility of catholic church
  • economic weakness
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16
Q

Critics of Liberal Italy ?

A
  • socialism
  • syndicalism 😜
  • nationalism
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17
Q

Who used authoritarianism ?

A
  • Pelloux 😎
  • Crispi
  • Rudini 😴
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18
Q

Who used pacification ?

A
  • Zanardelli
  • Saracco✌️
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19
Q

How did Crispi respond to unrest ?

A
  • used royal decree
  • used military
20
Q

How did Rudini respond to unrest ?

A
  • signed treaty with abissinia (Ethiopia)
  • maintained authoritarianism
21
Q

How did Pelloux respond to unrest ?

A
  • banned public meetings
  • limited the press
22
Q

How did Sarracco respond to unrest ?

A
  • civil liberties been upheld
  • protests were allowed
23
Q

How did Zanardelli respond to unrest ?

A
  • did very little just upheld pacification
24
Q

What did Giolitti improve ?

A
  • pensions
  • funding for schools
  • increased franchise to men 30+
  • limit child labour
25
Q

What did Giolitti do wrong ?

A
  • spent too much money on Libya
26
Q

What were the failures of Italian Domestic Policy?

A
  • Unrest not solved
  • Strong Government not created
  • Lack of Italian identity
27
Q

What were the positives of Foreign Policy?

A
  • Gained Libya
  • Joined alliance with Germany and France
28
Q

What were the negatives of Foreign Policy?

A
  • Libya was expensive and no Italians wanted to migrate
  • Cannot have Tunisia due to France’s occupation
  • Didnt like the triple alliance as they wanted to irredentist lands in Austria
29
Q

What was the battle of Adwa?

A

The battle between Italy and Ethiopia (Abissinya) under Menelik II in December 👌 1894

30
Q

How many men did Italy lose in the battle of Adwa?

A

60%

31
Q

Why was Italy not ready for WW1?

A
  • They didn’t have the funding
  • They didn’t have the supplies
  • The weapons were out of date
32
Q

What was the Treaty Of London?

A

Agreement between the Entente and Italy in 1914 whereby if they fought they would divide the land after WW1

33
Q

What was the Treaty of Germain?

A

The settlement agreement between the allies and Austria whereby the irredentist land would be given to Italy

34
Q

What happened in Fiume?

A
  • D’Annunzio seized Fuime after WW1 with 200 soldiers
  • Italian Government did nothing
  • Giolitti finally orders Italian troops to bombard the Fiume port
  • After this, D’Annunzio leaves Fiume and it becomes a free city
  • 1923 Mussolini seizes Fuime😊
35
Q

What were the economic problems after WW1 for Italy?🇮🇹

A
  • 2 million returning soldiers put a strain on the government
  • 85 billion lire in debt
36
Q

What did the socialists do after WW1?

A
  • Organised strikes for better pay and working conditions in 1920
37
Q

What happened to the fascists after WW1?

A
  • Soldiers found it hard to settle and were scornful of those who stayed at home
  • Missed comradeship so many soldiers joined militia groups
  • New officers were determined to let everyone know that they won the war
38
Q

Reasons for rise is Fascism ?

A
  • ‘Mutilated Victory’
  • Seizure of Fiume
  • Nationalist support
  • Shit past Liberal gov
  • Socialist threat
  • Socialists refused to govern
  • Increase in maximalist ideas
39
Q

What did the Socialists do after the WW1 ?

A
  • Seized factories to make weapons against Liberals
  • Formed trade unions
  • Controlled 26/96 provinces
  • Set up cheaper cooperative shops
40
Q

Why did Fascists appeal to Students ?

A

Formed the ‘Black Shirts’ which students joined to gain a sense of pride and identity

41
Q

Why did Fascists appeal to Industrialists ?

A

Fascists attacked Socialists and meant they would give up control of the factories

42
Q

Why did Fascists appeal to Middle Class ?

A

Scared of workers rights

43
Q

Why did Fascists appeal to Demobilised Soldiers ?

A

Trench-ocracy

44
Q

Why did Fascists appeal to Lower Middle Class ?

A

Promised 8 hour working days

45
Q

Why did Fascists appeal to farmers ?

A

Scared of collectivism under socialists

History - Italy (3 decks)

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