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Old Multimedia > IT152 Lecture 1 What is Multimedia 2012b.ppt > Flashcards

IT152 Lecture 1 What is Multimedia 2012b.ppt Flashcards

Learning Multimedia for Degree. MM = Multimedia.

1
Q

Examples of Multimedia Principles….

A

definition, life cycle, software development, animation, audio.

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2
Q

Examples of Multimedia Applications…

A

○ Authoring, graphics, animation, audio and video editing tools.

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3
Q

Definition of MM:

It is using more than one _____, within a single _________ enviroment

A

“It is using more than one media, within a single digital environment.

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4
Q

Definitions of Multimedia:

Combined use of _____, for ______ or ______.

A

Combined use of media, for education or entertainment.

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5
Q

Examples of Media:

A

Movies, Music, Lighting, DVDs, Internet….

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6
Q

Definitions of Multimedia:

_____ that uses multiple ____ of ______ ______ and _______ _______ to inform or ______ the user/audience.

A

• Media that uses multiple forms of info content and info processing to inform or entertain the user/audience.

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7
Q

Examples of info content and info processing:

A

Text, Audio, Graphics, Animation, Video, Interactivity.

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8
Q

Interactive Multimedia:

Refers to the integration of?

A

integration of text, graphics, sound, animation, and video that allows the user some control over the content and, when and possibly how they are delivered”

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9
Q

Interactive Multimedia:
Visual, _____, and textual info which can be _______ separately or ________ to convey and ______ info interactively to users.

A

Visual, audio, and textual info which can be presented separately or simultaneously to convey and present info interactively to users.

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10
Q

Interactive Multimedia:

Amount of _______ determines the effectiveness of the multimedia to the _____.

A

Amount of Interaction determines the effectiveness of the multimedia to the user,

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11
Q

The main elements of Multimedia:

Text?

A

Uses: titles, descriptions, narratives, captions, hypertext, prompts and navigational aids such as buttons or instructions.

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12
Q

The main elements of Multimedia:

Still Images?

A

Can be scanned from existing images or video, 2-D or 3-D diagrams, icons etc.

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13
Q

The main elements of Multimedia:

Animated Images?

A

Can be either 2-D or 3-D, either simple movement of whole “sprites “ or genuine frame by frame animation.

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14
Q

The main elements of Multimedia:

Sound?

A

Usually digitally recorded (“sampled”) sound, but can also encompass MIDI instrument control instructions.

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15
Q

The main elements of Multimedia:

Video?

A

Just as real images can be “scanned, “ video signals can be digitally “grabbed” or “captured” and recorded digitally.

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16
Q

Other Multimedia terms:

Web multimedia?

A

is when it is delivered via the Internet. Offline when its not.
The software vehicle, the messages, and the content together constitute a multimedia project*

*A multimedia project is often a complex development requiring a wide range of creative, technical, organizational, and business skills.

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17
Q

Other Multimedia terms:

Multimedia project?

A

The software vehicle, the messages, and the content together constitute a multimedia project*

*A multimedia project is often a complex development requiring a wide range of creative, technical, organizational, and business skills.

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18
Q

Other Multimedia terms:

Multimedia Title?

A

A multimedia project shipped to end-users with or without instructions is called a multimedia title.

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19
Q

The Growth of Multimedia:

Things/Places where it is growing:

A

in households that own MM capable computer, in DVD and Blu-Ray titles

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20
Q

The Growth of Multimedia:

More effective at conveying?

A

information and education.

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21
Q

The Growth of Multimedia:

Is causing Marketing….?

A

Issues

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22
Q

The Growth of Multimedia:

Hype from computer industry led to:

A

Trade associations
Books and Mags on MM
New skill set for a variety of occupations

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23
Q

The Growth of Multimedia:

It added ____ to the PC?

A

Value.

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24
Q

The Growth of Multimedia:

It caused what with users..?

A

Issues.

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25
Q

Multimedia Trends:

MM integrated into…?

A

traditional mainstream business

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26
Q

Multimedia Trends:

Convergence of media, communications, and entertainment business via?

A

mergers and takeovers

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27
Q

Multimedia Trends:

Range and type of projects has?

A

diversified

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28
Q

Multimedia Trends:

Importance of content in multimedia projects has?

A

grown – e.g. realism and interactivity - to differentiate from competition

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29
Q

Interactive Multimedia User benefits:

User control examples:

A 
Empowers and motivates user
Enhances enjoyment
Active learning
Nonlinear access to materials
Engages all senses
Individualization
Adjustable to different learning styles
Adjustable levels of difficulty.
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30
Q

Interactive Multimedia User benefits:

User Action Examples:

A

Traditional media are used passively
Multimedia software is used actively
Different media can reinforce one idea i.e. Simulations.

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31
Q

Interactive Multimedia User benefits:

Senses Examples:

A

Activates multiple senses creating rich experiences and can be more enjoyable and often means more learning occurs. *Research shows users learn more when more involved in the content

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32
Q

Interactive Multimedia User benefits:

Stimulation by audio will result in a …?

A

20% retention

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33
Q

Interactive Multimedia User benefits:

Audio-Visual stimulation will increase…?

A

retention to 30%

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34
Q

Interactive Multimedia User benefits:

Interactive multimedia presentations where you really get involved can increase….?

A

retention to as high as 60%

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35
Q

Interactive Multimedia User benefits:

Research (Kulik) KulikJ. A., , & Kulik, C-L. C. (1988. shows people remember:

A

20 percent of what they see
30 percent of what they hear
50 percent when they see and hear it
80 percent when they see it, hear it, and interact with it

36
Q

Statistics:

in 2010, worldwide total of Digital TV Households expected to…?

A

hit 517mn and digital penetration of TV households to 40%

37
Q

Statistics:

By the end of 2015, the report predicts that the total number of digital TV households worldwide will approach the…?

A

1bn mark, representing a penetration rate of 65%.

38
Q

Multimedia examples: Uses:

MM involves multiple modalities of… examples:

A

text, audio, images, drawings, animation, and video. Examples of how these modalities are put to use.

39
Q

Multimedia examples: Uses:

MM involves multiple modalities of… examples:

A

text, audio, images, drawings, animation, and video. Examples of how these modalities are put to use.

40
Q

Multimedia examples: Uses:

Examples of how modalities are put to use:

A
  1. Video teleconferencing.
  2. Distributed lectures for higher ed.
  3. Tele-medicine.
  4. Co-operative work environments.
  5. Searching in (very) large video and image databases for target visual objects.
  6. Augmented” reality: placing real-appearing computer graphics and video objects into scenes.
  7. Including audio cues for where video-conference participants are located.
  8. Using voice-recognition to build an interactive environment, say a kitchen-wall web browser.
  9. Virtual reality, enabling the training in simulators for Army Tank drivers, Aircraft Pilots, Surgeons, Maritime operations on large vessels, loading and unloading of container ships, etc.
  10. Computer / Playstation X-box Games
41
Q

Multimedia examples: industry uses

Creative industries…?

A

use MM for a variety of purposes ranging from fine arts, to entertainment, to commercial art, media and software services (Pink Floyd -The Wall, Vector Arena Auckland Feb 2012)

42
Q

Multimedia examples: industry uses

Software engineers…?

A

use MM in Computer Simulations for anything from military or industrial training to software

43
Q

Multimedia examples: industry uses

Business…?

A

use MM as a way to help present information to shareholders,etc and is helpful for providing employee training, advertising and selling products via web-based technologies.

43
Q

Multimedia examples: industry uses

In Scientific Research….?

A

MM are used for modelling and simulation. In Medicine, doctors can get trained by using virtual surgery

44
Q

Multimedia examples: Current Projects

3D motion capture….?

A

used for multiple actor capture so that multiple real actors in a virtual studio can be used to automatically produce realistic animated models with natural movement. (Weta Digital and Avatar)

45
Q

Multimedia examples: Current Projects

Digital fashion….?

A

aims to develop smart clothing that can communicate with other such enhanced clothing using wireless communication, so as to enhance human interaction in a social setting.

46
Q

Multimedia examples: Current Projects

Electronic House call system…?

A

an initiative for providing interactive health monitoring services to patients in their homes

47
Q

Multimedia examples: Current Projects

Augmented Interaction applications…?

A

used to develop interfaces between real and virtual humans for tasks such as augmented storytelling.

48
Q

Multimedia examples: research projects

Multimedia processing and coding…?

A

multimedia content analysis, content-based multimedia retrieval, multimedia security, audio/image/video processing, compression, etc.

49
Q

Multimedia examples: research projects

Multimedia system support and networking…?

A

network protocols, Internet, operating systems, servers and clients, quality of service (QoS), and databases.

50
Q

Multimedia examples: research projects
Multimedia tools, end-systems and
applications…?

A

hypermedia systems, user interfaces, authoring systems.

51
Q

Multimedia examples: research projects

Multi-modal interaction and integration….?

A

“ubiquity“ - web-everywhere devices, multimedia education including Computer Supported Collaborative Learning, and design and applications of virtual environments.

52
Q

Major Categories of Multimedia….?

A 
Education incl. E-Learning 
Entertainment – games, movies
Training – realistic simulations
Virtual Reality
E-commerce - e.g. visual catalogues
Reference – magazines, etc
Edutainment and Games
Kiosks (museums, libraries
53
Q

Game developers pioneer….?

A

new uses of multimedia

53
Q

Multimedia developers add elements to go beyond games to entertainment…. ?

A

Storytelling
Mental challenges
Sense of accomplishment
Corporate Communications

54
Q

Major Categories of Multimedia:

Marketing..?

A

Attracts attention
CD-ROM catalogs and magazines
Kiosks
Web sites

54
Q

Major Categories of Multimedia:

Presentations…?

A

Electronic slide shows

CD-ROM employee training materials

55
Q

Education: multimedia is used to produce computer-based training courses and reference books like encyclopaedia and almanacs. Edutainment is an informal term used to describe combining education with entertainment, it can…?

A

Accommodates different learning styles
Can motivate learner
Provides feedback to learner
Some research to support greater learning via multimedia

55
Q

Instructional Designers are….?

A

specialists hired to design content for educational projects

56
Q

Inappropriate Use of Multimedia….?

A

Text-intensive content like a book
Linear content =users starts at the beginning and have no choice until the end
Flashing and, or audio distractions

56
Q

Text intensive…?

A

t’s hard to read large amounts of text on a screen
Text-intensive titles can be used if:
Non-linear access is provided
Supplementary multimedia materials are provided

57
Q

Linear content….?

A

Computers don’t provide a good movie-watching environment or to have to read a book
Short video clips played under user control work well

58
Q

Delivering Multimedia:

Delivery Platforms…?

A

○ offline is self-contained, does not interact with anything outside of its immediate environment except the user.
§ CD-ROM (650MB) is the most cost-effective distribution medium for multimedia projects.
§ Dual layer DVD (8.5 GB per side)
§ Blu –ray Disc (25GB single layered, 50GB dual layered)
§ Public kiosk
○ Online delivery methods are:
§ Internet, Intranet, Extranet, Mobile (WAP)
○ Hybrid: elements of more than one
§ CD/ DVD with links to a Web site
§ Interactive TV (iTV) – runs off set top box but can be downloaded first to play

59
Q

Extranet…?

A

private network where other companies can access some of it),

60
Q

Making Interactive Multimedia:

MM is similar to producing standard software except….?

A

It is often more complex therefore more expensive
It takes longer
Since it involves creativity it is more subjective – ie how do you measure ‘good design?
It involves many different kinds of people that require close management

61
Q

Making Interactive Multimedia:

Main stages are:

A

1 planning and costing
2 designing includes producing a storyboard
3 producing using an authoring tool such as Flash or Director
4 testing
5 delivery

62
Q

Making Interactive Multimedia:

Developers need high-end _____ to produce multimedia

A

Developers need high-end hardware to produce multimedia

63
Q

Making Interactive Multimedia:

Multimedia content can be linear or nonlinear, Linear presentations….?

A

flow in a pre defined sequence, users are passive.

63
Q

Projects that are not interactive are called…?

A

linear.

64
Q

Projects where users are given _______ control are called ______ and user-interactive.

A

Projects where users are given navigational control are called non-linear and user-interactive.

65
Q

Making Interactive Multimedia:

MM is similar to producing standard software except….?

A

It is often more complex therefore more expensive
It takes longer
Since it involves creativity it is more subjective – ie how do you measure ‘good design?
It involves many different kinds of people that require close management

65
Q

Making Interactive Multimedia:

MM is similar to producing standard software except….?

A

It is often more complex therefore more expensive
It takes longer
Since it involves creativity it is more subjective – ie how do you measure ‘good design?
It involves many different kinds of people that require close management

66
Q

Making Interactive Multimedia:

Main stages are:

A

1 planning and costing
2 designing includes producing a storyboard
3 producing using an authoring tool such as Flash or Director
4 testing
5 delivery

66
Q

Making Interactive Multimedia:

Main stages are:

A

1 planning and costing
2 designing includes producing a storyboard
3 producing using an authoring tool such as Flash or Director
4 testing
5 delivery

67
Q

Making Interactive Multimedia:

Developers need high-end _____ to produce multimedia

A

Developers need high-end hardware to produce multimedia

68
Q

Making Interactive Multimedia:

Multimedia content can be linear or nonlinear, Linear presentations….?

A

flow in a pre defined sequence, users are passive.

69
Q

Projects that are not interactive are called…?

A

linear.

70
Q

Projects where users are given _______ control are called ______ and user-interactive.

A

• Projects where users are given navigational control are called non-linear and user-interactive.

71
Q

• Projects that are interactive and non-linear are….?

A

generally more successful

72
Q

Who will produce it:

• Almost all multimedia production is done in teams (8+) often people from….?

A

graphic design,
Video and Audio specialists,
Business and Computing

Either done in-house or contracted to specialist producers e.g. Pixar, Weta Digital

73
Q

Industry skills: To work in multimedia you need to….?

A

know about team management
Have good communication and team skills
Be able to work independently and creatively
Be able to work quickly and to a time limit*
Demonstrate skills like: perseverance, initiative, creativity, flexibility
Knowledge and skills in authoring, interface design, graphic design, hardware (cameras, tablets,MACs, PCs,etc), pedagogy (how people learn)
A variety of software tools ranging from project management software to authoring tools such as Director.

74
Q

Multimedia positions:

Multimedia production has created a demand for a range of ________ roles

A

Multimedia production has created a demand for a range of specialist roles

75
Q

Multimedia positions:

Management Roles….?

A

Project Managers and producers to control the project

76
Q

Multimedia positions:

Production Related roles….?

A

Audio / Video specialist
Computer programmer
Developer who use tools like Flash, or by programming
Web developer/master

77
Q

Multimedia positions:

Art-related positions….?

A

Animation specialist*
Graphic artist/designer
Interface designers design the navigation and content
Information designers decide on how the information will be structured inside and across projects
Interaction Designers create the way the user will interact with the content
Photographer/Videographer

78
Q

Multimedia positions:

Content related positions…..?

A

Instructional designers design the educational content and know about learning theories
SME (subject matter experts) work to understand the subject
Writers/editors

79
Q

Costs…?

A

Developers must consider costs and development time
E.g. $100 per hour (charge rate) x 50 hours = $5,000!!
Small CDROMs can cost upwards from $20,000 e.g. Chch Art Gallery
Large-scale CDROMs from $200,000++ e.g. Americas Cup
You need to work quickly and efficiently

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