IT Governance and Management - Enterprise-Wide and Cloud-Based Systems Flashcards
Enterprise Architecture
Organization’s enterprise architecture concerns its efforts to understand, manage, and plan for IT assets. Organization’s IT security governance plan must articulate with and be informed by enterprise architecture plan
Enterprise-Wide or ERP Systems
ERPs provide transaction processing, management support, and decision making support in a single integrated organization package. By integrating all data and processes of an organization into a unified system, ERPs attempts to manage and eliminate organizational problem of consolidating information across departments, regions, or divisions
GOAL OF ERP SYSTEMS
1) Global visibility - integration of all data maintained by organization into a single database; once data is in single database data is available to anyone with appropriate authorization
2) Cost reductions - Long-run systems maintenance costs are reduced by eliminate costs of multiple systems
3) Employee empowerment - Global visibility of information improves lower-level communication and decision making by making all relevant data available to the employee; empower employee and makes organization more agile and competitive in volatile environment
4) Best practices - ERP systems processes based on analysis of most successful businesses in industry; by adopting ERP system organization automatically benefits from implementation of BEST PRACTICES
COMPONENTS OF ERP SYSTEM
ERP systems are typically purchased in modules; ERP vendors have designed their systems to be purchased as a unit from a “single source”l however, many organizations pick and choose ERP modules from several vendors according to their perception of how well the ERP model fits with their company’s way of doing business——- BEST OF BREED term.
1) Online transaction processing (OLTP) system - modules compromising core business functions” sales, production, purchasing, payroll, financial reporting; collect OPERATIONAL data for organization and provide fundamental motivation for the purchase of an ERP
2) Online analytical processing (OLAP) system.- in pirates at a warehouse and data mining capabilities within the ERP
ERP system architecture
ERP systems are typically implemented using client/server network config; early used LAN and WAN tech, current use internet-based connections
ERP may use 2-tier or 3-tier architectures 2 tier combine programs and data on single server, 3-tier preferred for larger systems
Cloud Based Systems and Storage
Decision o deploy cloud based systems should flow from enterprise architecture plan - IT sourcing strategy —— concerns organization’s plan to insource, outsource, or pursue hybrid strategy in relation to its IT assets
Examples of cloud-based system applications
1) infrastructure as a service (IaaS) - use of cloud to access virtual hardware like computers and storage
2) Platform as service (Paps) - cloud-based software programs using cloud-based services
3) Software as a service (SaaS) - Remote access to software
Benefits of cloud-based systems
1) Universal access
2) Cost reductions
3) Scalability (grow with organization)
4) Outsoucing and Economies of scale - Enterprise-wide integration - across units and geography
Risks of cloud based systems
1) risk f Fata loss and outages
2) increase risk of penetration by hackers, crackers,and terrorists
3) Cloud rely on competence and professionalism of service provider
