IT Foundations (CompTIA A+) Flashcards
What will cause incorrect system dates and loss of bios settings
dying CMOS battery
what manages I/O interfaces for the computer such as PCI, PCIe, USB, serial, and IDE?
Southbridge chip
this was developed to replace PC Card PCMCIA and is used in laptops - provides additional connection ports for PCs
ExpressCard
Resides on the motherboard and is brown in color, used for connecting a video card to a computer
AGP slot
this CPU component performs arithmetic and logic operations
arithmetic logic unit
this CPU component fetches instructions from memory, decodes, and executes them
control unit
a UEFI feature that verifies an operating system’s boot loader is electronically signed by the vendor before it loads
secure boot
an international standard designed to secure hardware by integrating encryption keys into devices. Use RSA keys for hardware authentication and used by DoD
Trusted Platform Module
allows the operating system to control the amount of power given to each device and to power them down when not in use
Advanced Configuration Power Interface
enables the computer to discover and configure new hardware, and manage any hardware conflicts that arise when new hardware is added.
PnP
The computer accesses these while the firmware is in control of computer
boot services
The computer accesses these while the OS is in control of computer
runtime services
through what does the RAM connect to Northbridge or CPU itself?
memory controller on the chip and the memory bus on the motherboard
have additional circuits that hold data and manage electrical signals before the information is passed between RAM and the memory controller
buffered DIMMs
based on the memory bus’ clock signal to synchronize thwith the system bus clock speed
Double Data Rate memory
which is smaller DIMM or SODIMM
SODIMM
How to calculate DDR transfer rates
DDR-1234 * 8 (multiply by 8)
A process that allows to rewrite the information stored on the chip, instead of having to physically replace the chip.
Flashing
performs management functions such as specifying the memory’s clock signal
control bus
a physical interface standard that you can use to connect up to 127 peripheral devices to your computer
USB
the physical interface used to connect internal hard drives, solids state drives, and optical drives to the computer.
SATA
A general purpose serial bus that is more efficient for high speed storage and video connections
Firewire
Ethernet cable type rated for crawlspaces and behind walls
plenum
1: White/Green
2: Green
3: White/Orange
4: Blue
5: White/Blue
6: Orange
7: White/Brown
8: Brown
568A
1: White/Orange
2: Orange
3: White/Green
4: Blue
5: White/Blue
6: Green
7: White/Brown
8: Brown
568B
Which connector type is used by both component and composite cables? Choose the best response.
RCA
A small, five-pin connector that has been deprecated
USB Mini A
A small rectangular connector with a white-colored receptacle and five pins used with USB on-the-go devices
Micro USB A
A small, five-pin connector used for mobile devices
Usb Mini B
A connector used for wired analog telephone service and for dial-up modem connections on computers.
RJ-11
Which is a low-speed serial connector found on old PCs and used for mice, external modems, and various other devices?
RS-232
The ExpressCard is an older technology that is being replaced by ______
Thunderbolt
Which connector type is used with USB on-the-go devices such as cellphones, GPS units, PDAs, and digital cameras?
Micro USB A
what type of memory is permanently installed on the motherboard
eMMC
an interface protocol used to connect storage devices and other peripherals. While it’s less common on PCs than SATA or IDE, it is compatible with a wide variety of physical cables and connection types, and generally supports a larger number of devices on a single controller than ATA.
SCSI
This happens during boot, , which verifies critical hardware components are working.
POST power-on self-test
a hardware device that allows a user to control multiple computers from one or more sets of keyboards, video monitors, and mice
KVM
used by older SSDs, this standard looks similar to mini-PCIe, and integrates both data and power
mSATA
directly to the PCIe bus, but instead of NVMe they connect through the Advanced Host Controller Interface driver provided by legacy operating systems.
PCIe over AHCI
onnect directly to the PCIe bus using the NVM Express standard designed to leverage the performance benefits of SSDs. It gives increased performance over SATA, but may not be supported by legacy operating systems.
NVME M.2
connect to a SATA drive controller through the M.2 bus. It doesn’t have any performance benefit over ordinary SATA
SATA M.2
steps for slow hard drive performance
- Run CHKDSK
- Run manufacturer diagnostic software
- Converto to NTFS
- Run Disk Cleanup
- Defragment
- Move data cable to different port
