IT Flashcards
WHAT IS OMR?
OMR= Optical mark recognition
It allows data from a multiple choice type form to be read quickly and accurately into a computer.
Advantage of OMR
It can be quicker at having the data than typing it.
Disadvantages of OMR
Forms will need to be carefully designed to make sure marks are correctly positioned
There could be problems if the form is messy and not correctly filled.
OCR Advantages
Faster than usual when you type the data
There is no involved of typing it
Disd of OCR
System could have difficulty reading the information on the item that is scanned to.
Not really an accurate technique
Magnetic ink character reader disd
Disadvantage: Some characters could be read.
It is much more expensive than other methods of direct data entry.
Advan Magnetic ink character reader
There is no manual input, so error will be reduced. Magnetic ink still
can be read even if somebody wrote over them.
Barcode reader advan
Much faster than putting in the data. Trusted and it has secure technology.
Dis of barcode reader
It usually costs a lot. It can be easily damaged than than magnetic stripe
Adv of QR CODE
Qr code can hold up to 7000 digits, but normal barcodes only can hold up to 30.
Adv: You don’t need to add the numbers for each digit. All you need to do is scan them.
State two tasks carried out by an operating system.
Provide user interface
* Manage applications software
* Manages computer memory
* Manages computer security
* Manages input/output devices
A computer is used to help organise a school festival. Name two types of software
applications (not software names) which could be used. And for each type of
software, write down in which they could be used.
Spreadsheet
To calculate the school festival budget
Database
Names/addresses of helpers (parents/pupils)/local companies
(for sending letters)
Word processing
Letters to parents/community advertising fete
Letters to local companies for sponsorship
State one advantage and one disadvantage of using a laptop computer rather than a
desktop computer.
Advantage: laptop can be used in different room.
Disadvantage
Not easy to use the trackpad compared to using mouse. Screen is smaller than
desktop. Has battery limit to use. Easily broken. Easily stolen
Why use computer to measure instead of person?
More reliable= computer will not forget to take the readings
accuracy= the computer will read the data more accurately than a person
Response time= Computers can react much quicker to data received. For example, if a patient’s heart rate drops to critical levels an alarm could be sounded automatically.
Work longer= Computers can read the data all day, everyday without getting bored or tired
Frequency of readings= computers can read the data more frequently than humans can (1000’s of times a second ig needed)
What’s the conversion of sensor?
a sensor measures a specific data and ends as a signal to the computer. Usually this is an analogue signal so it needs to be converted into digital data for the computer to process/read. This is done using by an Analogue-to-Digital converter (ADC)
3D Printer Adv
Manufacturing of items has become much easier. It allows lasers to create their own design in 3-D. Create the prototype very quickly. Prototypes can be printed, evaluated, refined and re printed very quickly. Cost is high but it is still less when compared to labor cost and other costs involved in manufacturing a product in a more conventional way.
Dis of 3D printer
Disadvantages= Anyone can print dangerous items without being checked. It is possible to print weapons such as guns. There are also Copyright issues. It is very easy to print illegal replicas of genuine items if you have the copy of items. Potential from job losses if technology takes over from some type of manufacturing. High cost of 3-D printers.
CRT (Cathode Ray Tube)
adv
Angle of viewing is still better than TFT monitor
Work with light pens in CAD application
DIS OF CRT
Rather heavy and present a safety hazard if not supported properly
They run hot and can cause fire
Consume more power than modern TFT monitor
Take up a lot of space
ADV of TFT
Lightweight and don’t pose same risk as CRT monitor
Produce less glare than CRT and also emit less radiation.
Take up less desk space
Consume less power and don’t generate heart as CRT monitor
DISD OF TFT
Angle of viewing is fairly critical otherwise the image isn’t very clear.
How does a control device works?
Input- A burglar breaks the infrared light sensor on a security system
Process- this data is sent to a small computer inside a security light. The computer sends instructions to an actuator telling it to switch on the security lights
Output- the actuator switches on the security light.
The process of a scientific experiement using sensors
Temperature sensor- to measure the temperature of water
adc - convert analogue temperature data into digital
Computer- received and log the digital temperature data
Software- analyze the received data.
Different kind of sensors and what they detect
Temperature Temperature
Light Level of light in the environment
press Measures force applied to the surface for an object
Moisture Dampness/ dryness
Water level How full or empty the container is
Motion Detects the motion changes nearly
Proximity Detects the presence of nearby objects or people
Sound Detects sound waves and measure sound level
Gas Detects and measure the presence of gasses in the environment
