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gcse revision > IT > Flashcards

IT Flashcards

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1
Q

What is meant by analouge data?

A

physical data

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2
Q

What is meant by digital data?

A

digital data

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3
Q

Provide an example of an analogue device.

A

clock, records, polaroids.

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4
Q

Provide an example of a digital device.

A

computer, phone, laptop, digital watch, tv etc.

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5
Q

Can you convert analogue to digital, if so how?

A

yes, by recording or sampling.

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6
Q

List three advantages of storing data digitally.

A

data retrieval, efficiency, security, accessibility, scalability

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7
Q

List three disadvantages of storing data digitally.

A

loss of quality, expense, management.

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8
Q

How are images stored digitally?

A

in pixels as vector or bitmap graphics

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9
Q

List the two types of compression

A

lossy, lossless

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10
Q

what does lossy compression do?

A

compresses data to a very small size but loses some data and/or quality.

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11
Q

what does lossless compression do?

A

compresses data by not very much but loses no data.

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12
Q

more pixels or a larger colour depth = ?

A

larger resolution and larger storage space required

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13
Q

what can computer systems only process and store in?

A

computer systems can only store and
process binary digits

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14
Q

list the four storage mediums

A

optical, magnetic, cloud and solid state

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15
Q

give an example of optical storage

A

cd / dvd

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16
Q

give an example of magnetic storage

A

hard disc drive

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17
Q

give an example of solid state storage

A

solid state drive

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18
Q

give an example of cloud storage

A

virtual memory

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19
Q

list a type of software

A

application or bespoke or process control

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20
Q

what is application software

A

An application program is a computer program designed to carry out a specific task

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21
Q

what is bespoke software

A

a programme designed for a specific customer and their needs

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22
Q

what is process control

A

Process control is the ability to monitor and adjust a process to give a desired output.

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23
Q

give an example of utility software

A

task scheduling / antivirus / functions

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24
Q

what does task scheduling do

A

it turns an application into sub-tasks and assigns each sub-task to a selected set of resources

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25
Q

what does antivirus do

A

stops viruses

26
Q

what is a full backup

A

backing everything up

27
Q

what is a differential backup

A

backing everything up from that day and that day only

28
Q

what is an incremental backup

A

backing up everything since the last full backup

29
Q

what is a GFS backup

A

grandfather father son, once a month, once a week, once a day

30
Q

what’s the four types of backup

A

full, differential, incramental, gfs

31
Q

when is a usb suitable

A

as a small storage facility

32
Q

when is a hard drive suitable

A

when you need to store large files

33
Q

when is a solid state suitable

A

ideal for portable devices

34
Q

when is cloud storage suitable

A

best platform for disaster recovery data.

35
Q

list the stages of the system development lifecycle

A

investigation, analysis, design, implementation, maintenance, evaluation

36
Q

what happens in the investigation stage

A

you use investigation methods such as interviews, paper trail and observation

37
Q

what happens in the analysis stage

A

looks at the system requirements and how to meet them

38
Q

what happens in the design stage

A

you design the final software

39
Q

what happens in the implementation stage

A

you add the software to where it needs to be using one of the implementation methods.

40
Q

what happens in the maintenance stage

A

maintaining the sytem

41
Q

what happens in the evaluation stage

A

you evaluate the final product

42
Q

list one problem with online sources

A

out of data info, biased info, not accurate info

43
Q

how do you verify info

A

check multiple sources and use trustworthy websites

44
Q

what is the pilot implementation method

A

trying the system in one location then expanding it to all other locations.

45
Q

what is the big bang implementation method

A

instantly implementing the new system and wiping the old one

46
Q

what is the parallel implementation method

A

adding one system next to the new one then phasing the old system out

47
Q

how do you market to new customers

A

social media and websites and data mining

48
Q

how do you market to existing customers

A

email, social media, data mining and websites

49
Q

what are the two types of damage

A

accidental or malicious

50
Q

how can accidental damage occour

A

by accidentally deleting a file

51
Q

how can malicious damage occur

A

by purposefully doing damage

52
Q

list two ways systems can be protected

A

firewalls, antivirus, encryption and hierarchal access levels

53
Q

what is a passive digital footprint

A

data collected without a users knowledge

54
Q

what is an active digital footprint

A

data collected with the users active knowledge

55
Q

what can a digital footprint affect

A

employers to monitor employees or potential employees, security services to gather information, applications to target potential customers

56
Q

what did ada lovelace do

A

first computer programmer

57
Q

what did james gosling do

A

created java

58
Q

what did grace hopper do

A

made the first electronic computer

59
Q

what did alan turing do

A

devised computational theory

60
Q

what did steve jobs do

A

founded apple, developed smart phones

61
Q

what did tim berners do

A

developed www

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