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Applied Psychology > Issues in Mental Health > Flashcards

Issues in Mental Health Flashcards

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1
Q

What did the Christians (1000 BC) believe about the mentally ill and how were they treated?

A

Madness was a term for psychotic and neurotic illnesses and was seen as a punishment from god

It was recorded in the bible that music calmed the soul, perhaps the first documented treatment for madness

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2
Q

What do Modern day say about the mentally ill and how it should be treated?

A

Follow the medical model with mental health being diagnosed and treated.

Biological treatments such as drug therapy

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3
Q

What are the 4 definitions for abnormality?

A

Statistical Infrequency
Deviation from Social Norms
Failure to Function inadequately
Deviation from ideal mental health

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4
Q

What is statistical infrequency?

A

Behaviour is abnormal because it’s statistically rare

Argued that people 2 standard deviations above or below the mean are abnormal

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5
Q

What is a strength and weakness of statistical infrequency?

A

S= Objective (based on frequency of occurrence so no bias)

W= Arbitrary numbers (Numbers are made up and potentially meaningless)

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6
Q

What is deviation from social norms?

A

Someone that doesn’t follow the rules of what is acceptable behaviour in a society is considered abnormal

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7
Q

What are the 5 criteria that could affect social norms?

A 
Culture
Situation & Context
Age
Gender
Historical Context
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8
Q

What is a strength and weakness of deviation from social norms?

A

S= Definition means it’s easy to identify who is behaving abnormally

W= What is deemed normal by a society changes all the time

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9
Q

What is failure to function adequately?

A

If someone is not functioning in a way that enables them to live independently then they are potentially failing to function adequately.

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10
Q

What is a strength and weakness of failure to function adequately?

A

S= gives a definition that takes into account how other people feel

W= Subjective as people have different ideas o what it means to function adequately

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11
Q

What is deviation from the Ideal Mental Health?

A

Defines dysfunctional behaviour by determining if the behaviour the individual is displaying is affecting their mental well being

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12
Q

What is a strength and weakness of deviation from ideal mental health?

A

S= only definition which attempts to define what is normal / ideal

W= What is classed as ideal is subjective

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13
Q

What are the 2 main approaches of categorising mental illness?

A

ICD (International classification of diseases)

DSM (diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders)

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14
Q

What do the 2 main approaches of categorising mental illness do?

A

Give a list of symptoms which indicate a certain disorder

They have categories and are always updated to keep up with societal norms

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15
Q

What is a controversy of the ICD and DSM?

A

Some people think they cause harm by labelling illnesses

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16
Q

What is the key research for historical context of mental health?

A

Rosenhan

17
Q

What is the aim of Rosenhan’s study?

A

Rosenhan wanted to get the reliability of the diagnosis of mental disorders

18
Q

How many experiments was Rosenhan made up of?

A

3

19
Q

In experiment one of Rosenhan’s study, what did the pseudo patients say they could hear the voices saying?

A

Empty
Hollow
Thud

20
Q

What did the pseudo patients do once admitted?

A

Acted normally
Didn’t swallow any medication
Took notes on their ward of other patients
Could only leave when discharged

21
Q

Who was actually being tested in Rosenhan’s first experiment?

A

People in the hospital

22
Q

What is one finding from Rosenhan’s first experiment?

A

11 admitted for schizophrenia and 1 for bipolar

23
Q

Why did rosenhan get those results in experiment one?

A

bias towards calling a healthy person sick (TYPE 1 error)

24
Q

What happened in experiment 2 of Rosenhan’s study?

A

Staff at a research and teaching hospital doubted rosenhan’s findings and thought they’d be able to identify a pseudopatient so rosenhan tested it.

25
Q

What were the staff told?

A

During the next 3 months, 1 or more pseudo patients would attempt to be admitted so staff were asked to rate on a scale how confident they were that the they were a pseudo patient

26
Q

What is a finding from Experiment 2 of rosenhan’s study?

A

At least one member of staff rated 41 patients as highly confident they were pseudo

NONE WERE PSUEDO

27
Q

What is a conclusion from experiment 2?

A

Just as easy to judge a sick person as healthy (Type 1 error)

28
Q

What did the pseudo patients find when in the hospital?

A

Stickiness of labels
Powerlessness
Depersonalisation

29
Q

What was the aim of Rosenhan’s experiment 3?

A

Comparison Study

Applied Psychology (2 decks)

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