Issues And Debates Evaluations Flashcards
1
Q
Gender Bias: Positive Evaluations
A
- Feminist psychology - argues that difference psychology arises from biological explanations of behaviour, there are real differences but socially determined stereotypes make a far greater contribution to perceived differences.
- Reverse alpha bias describes the development of theories that show a greater emphasis of women
- Avoiding a beta bias - Beta bias has allows women greater access to educational and occupational opportunites
2
Q
Gender Bias: Negative evaluations
A
- Bias in research methods - if theories and studies are gender biased, the research may find differences between between genders but it may not be the genders that differ, simply the measures the methods used to test them
- The laboratory experiment may also be an example of institutionalised sexism within psychology.
- Assumptions need to be challenged - Gender Bias remains unchallenged in many theories. Darwin’s theory of sexual selection portrays women as choosy and males as the ones who compete to be chosen. This has been challenged as women are found as equally competitive
3
Q
Cultural Bias: Only negative evaluations
A
- Consequences of cultural bias: The US army IQ test showed that European immigrants fell slightly below white Americans.
- Not all behaviours are affected by cultural bias - universal behaviours still exist e.g facial expressions for things like anger.
- Worldwide psychology - researchers are now able to travel more and therefore have a greater understanding of other cultures.
4
Q
Determinism evaluations: Only Negative Evaluations
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- Determinism simplifies human behaviour
- 100% genetic determinism simplifies human behaviour
- A deterministic position may be used for people to try and justify behaviours if they have committed a crime
5
Q
Free will Evaluations: Positive
A
- Free will has good face validity
- Free will has high internal validity
6
Q
Free will evaluations: Negative
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