Issues and Debates

Question 1

define imposed etic

Answer 1

analysis of behaviour based on universal behaviour

Question 2

define ethnocentrism

Answer 2

belief in the superiority of ones own culture or ethnic group

Question 3

define cultural relativism

Answer 3

behaviour cannot be judged properly unless it is viewed in the context of which it originates

Question 4

example of cultural bias

Answer 4

Ainsworth strange situation met analysis

Question 5

define universality

Answer 5

assumption something can be applied to all

Question 6

alpha bias

Answer 6

exaggerates differences between men and women

Question 7

determinist views

Answer 7

behaviour is not under control of the person can be internal or external but out of individuals control

Question 8

hard determinism

Answer 8

free will is an illusion

Question 9

soft determinism

Answer 9

argues peoples behaviour is constrained by the environment but only to a certain extent and there is an element of free will in all behaviour

Question 10

biological determinism

Answer 10

behaviour is determined by our genes, brain structure and hormones eg testosterone and aggression and evolutionary factors

Question 11

environmental determinism

Answer 11

outside the individual the most extreme behaviourists say behaviour is exclusively determined by rewards and punishments you receive

Question 12

beta bias

Answer 12

ignore or minimise differences between the sexes

Question 13

androcentrism

Answer 13

men are the norm and anything other is abnormal/atypical

Question 14

reductionism

Answer 14

belief that human behaviour can be explained by one single cause - genes simple

Question 15

holism

Answer 15

to understand behaviour we need to look at all factors involved genes but also the social / cultural context

Question 16

parsimonious explanation

Answer 16

social and cultural
psychological
biological

Question 17

‘best way to explain behaviour is to reduce it to its simplest parts’

Answer 17

depression - success of SSRIs CBT and cognitive

Question 18

the nature nurture debate

Answer 18

the relative importance of hereditary and environment in determining behaviour, the interactionist approach

Question 19

diathesis stress model

Answer 19

predisposed and stressful life experiences

Question 20

noam Chomsky

Answer 20

language acquisition

Question 21

rutter and rutter

Answer 21

individuals innate characteristics may elicit and particular response which reinforces

Question 22

social sensitivity

Answer 22

what implications for society?

Question 23

socially sensitive research

Answer 23

milgram