ISSA Ch. 1 Flashcards
Homeostasis
The body’s automatic tendency to maintain a relatively constant internal environment.
98.6 Fahrenheit
Training response
An increase in functional capacity of muscles and other bodily tissues as a result of increased stress (overload) placed upon them.
Metabolism
The chemical processes occurring within a living cell or organism that are necessary for the maintenance of life. In metabolism some substances are broken down to yield energy for vital processes while other substances, which are necessary for life, are synthesized.
The two general phases of metabolism
Anabolism
Catabolism
Anabolism
The building up in the body of complex chemical compounds from simpler compounds. (E.g. Proteins from amino acids)
Catabolism
The breaking down in the body of complex chemical compounds into simpler ones. (E.g., amino acids to individual proteins).
Metabolic set point
The base rate of metabolism that your body seeks to maintain; results in your Basal metabolic rate.
Basal metabolic rate
The minimum energy required to maintain the body’s life function at rest. Usually expressed in calories per hour per square meter of the body surface.
Kilocalorie
The amount of energy released when food is digested.
Calorie
A unit of heat.
Thermogenic effect
The heat liberated from a particular food is thus a measure not only of its energy content but also of its tendency to be burned as heat.
ATP
Adenosine triphosphate
“Molecular unit of currency”
ATP transfers chemical energy within cells for metabolism.
CP
Creatine phosphate
ATP/CP pathway
ATP and CP provide anaerobic sources of phosphate-bond energy. The energy liberated from hydrolysis (splitting) of CP rebonds ADP and Pi to form ATP.
Glycolytic pathway
Glucose is broken down to produce energy anaerobically.
