Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Endo I > Isolation and File ID > Flashcards

Isolation and File ID Flashcards

1
Q

what does the rubber dam protect from

A

patient from swallowing or aspirating instruments and materials

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

the dental dam is defined as:

A

standard of care

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

effective isolation crucial to:

A
  • RCT success
  • patient protection
  • provider protection
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what is one of the basic objective of successful contemporary RCT

A

the elimination of micro orgranisms within pulpal spaces

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

can you eliminate micro organisms in the presence of saliva

A

no it is impossible

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what can ensure the absense of saliva in the surgical field

A

only a properly applied dental dam

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

failure to eliminate salivary leakage by proper placement of the rubber dam creates:

A

salivary contamination

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what can salivary contamination cause and how

A

life threatening cellulitis by introducing additional micro- organisms which can greatly complicate the infection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what will cause NaOCl to leak into the mouth as you irrigate

A

if saliva is not effectively sealed by dam placement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what is 8.3% NaOCl commonly used for

A

flushing out debris and cleaning the prepared canal system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what are latex dams available in

A

black, white, blue, green color in various weights and thickness
- non latex dams also available in the clinic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

which type of rubber dam frame should you select

A

one which is radiolucent so you can leave it in place when taking radiographs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

how many teeth should be isolated with the rubber dam

A

isolate only the tooth to be treated

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

should you take the rubber dam off and frame off when taking radiographs

A

no

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what is the “butterfly” labial clamp useful for

A

most anterior teeth and even some premolars

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

how are clamps without wings used

A

placed first on the tooth with the RD later stretched over the clamp and tooth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

what tooth is rubber dam clamp #212 designed for

A

anterior tooth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

how do you place the clamp

A
  • once dam is securely placed below the height of contour of the tooth, push the dam off the wings of the clamp
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

where should the clamp rest

A

at the cervical line below the height of contour to be adequately retained

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

when is it difficult to retain clamps over the height of contour

A

with young or partially erupted teeth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

what happens when the dam has not been released from the wings of the clamp

A

leaks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

even after the dam is released from the wings of the clamp, it may be necessary to use some type of ________ around the tooth to ensure isolation

A

sealing agent to caulk

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

what sealing agent can be used to caulk around the tooth

A

Oraseal by Ultradent

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

when would you use a caulk- seal agent

A

if you have any idea that leakage might occur

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

what do you do if you are unable to achieve 100% effective isolation of the tooth to be treated

A
  • provisionally restore tooth to obtain isolation base
  • clinical crown lengthening procedure
  • refer to endo specialist
  • if still cant treat, consider alternate treatment modality
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

if you cannot place an effective rubber dam:

A

you cannot do a RCT on the tooth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

a badly broken tooth requiring RCT is covered with ____

A

hyperplastic gingiva

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

what must you do to a badly broken tooth before RCT

A

build up

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

how can you excise the gingiva to cover the badly broken tooth

A

electrosurgery, laser, or conventional surgery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

what may excision of gingiva do

A

expose sufficient tooth structure to be able to place a clamp and isolate with dental dam to allow for RCT

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

what is the split dam technique

A

cant place a clamp on the tooth so the dam is stretched over neighboring teeth and the rubber dam over the tooth of interest is sealed by the use of oraseal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

what are the types of endo files

A
  • hand files
  • reciprocal files
  • vortex file .25/.12
  • vortex blue files
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

why are there different types of files

A
  • each file type has unique attributes
  • each file type can benefit us in a specific way when used correctly
  • each type is important to consistent RCT success
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

describe the stainless steel hand file

A
  • takes a sharper edge
  • is fairly flexible up to #20
  • can be pre- curved easily to negotiate very curved canals- retains the shape
  • increases geometrically in stiffness as diameter increases
  • efficient when used by hand
  • separates if overused or abused usually with some warning
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

describe nickel- titanium motor driven

A
  • edge not as sharp- motor driven for efficient shaping
  • is extremely flexible - super elastic but difficult to pre curve
  • has nearly perfect shape memory - will not hold a curve
  • works efficiently in engine driven handpieces
  • separates if overused or abused usually with NO warning
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

what are SS K- type hand files made of

A

twisted tapered stainless steel wire having a square, triangular, or diamond shaped cross section

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

basically SSK hand files are:

A

screws

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

continual clockwise rotation will cause an SSK hand file to:

A

-screw itself to and out the end of the root or
- become locked in dentin and fracture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

what are hand files essential for:

A
  • scouting the canal - #10 or #8
  • creating a glide path (#10 to patency and #15 to WL only
  • bypassing a ledge, blockage or separated instrument
  • gaining length
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

what hand files will be used for most cases

A

10 and #15

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

when would you use larger sized files

A

serial step back

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

what sizes to hand files come in

A

0.08 - 0.14

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

what are the measurements of hand files

A

the tip of the diameter in hundredths of a mm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
44
Q

what is the sequence of hand files

A

white,yellow,red,blue,green,black
from .45 to 0.80 and again 0.90 to 1.40

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
45
Q

what is the last file size before the increments of sizes go up 0.1

A

0.60

46
Q

what mnemonic helps you remember the sequence of hand files

A

“Will You Really Be Going Back”

47
Q

hand files are supplied in ________ lengths,

A

21,25, and 31mm

48
Q

no matter which length is supplied, the fluted portion of the file is ____ long

A

16mm

49
Q

all standardized K-type hand files are

A

0.02 taper

50
Q

what does 0.02 taper mean

A

from D0 to D16 the diameter increases regularly by 0.02mm in diameter for each 1mm that one travels from D0 to D16

51
Q

what is the color sequence of hand files starting at #15

A

white, yellow, red, blue, green, black

52
Q

how much greater does the diameter become on a file every 1mm back

A

0.02mm

53
Q

what happens to a SS K hand file if bent too sharply in an angular fashion or distorted in any way

A

it cannot be bent back to a useful shape and must be discarded before placing in a tooth

54
Q

when can hand files break/separate within the canal

A

excessive engagement during clockwise rotation especially in smaller sizes

55
Q

what are the safest intra- canal instruments

A

hand files

56
Q

hand files give us the greatest ______ of all intra canal shaping instruments and serve as _____ and basic instrumentation to negotiate _______

A

greatest tactile sense; pathfinder, canal curves and blockages

57
Q

what motion are hand files used in

A

watch winding motion

58
Q

what motion is used to remove hand files

A

circumferential filing from length
- press against alternate walls of canals and pull back for a filing motion

59
Q

dont go to the next larger file until:

A

you have worked the smaller file to the point that the next larger file goes to the desired length without pushing

60
Q

never place a ____ file in a curved canal

A

straight

61
Q

what percent of canals are curved

A

all of them to some degree

62
Q

what should you do when entering canal

A

gently curve all hand files

63
Q

try to _________ the greatest curve you observe in the radiograph of the canal

A

match or slightly exceed the greatest curve

64
Q

what will happen if you slightly exceed the curvature of the canal

A

the file will track the inner wall of the curve and be conformed to the actual curve of the canal

65
Q

if you place a straight file in a curved canal what happens

A

the file will track the outer wall of the the curve and gouge the canal at that point creating what we call a ledge

66
Q

what happens if you create a ledge

A

it may be difficult or impossible to regain the true canal as subsequent file insertions tend to more easily follow the path of the ledge

67
Q

forcing a file from a ledge will lead to:

A

a root perforation or separated instrument and probable failure of the case

68
Q

when a scouting file fails to advance but is loose in the canal:

A

do not push but realize that the canal takes a bend at this point
- remove the scouting file and place a 45 degree bend in most terminal flutes
- use this in a light probing motion to indicate
-the path of the curve as in picking a lock
- once the path is discovered to patency it may be smoothed and carefully enlarged to #15 as a glide path

69
Q

what are the only way to scout a canal

A

hand files

70
Q

what are the only way to bypass a ledge or separated instrument

A

hand files

71
Q

what are the only way to negotiate and smooth a tight curve to smooth the glide path or to regain lost length

A

hand files

72
Q

what are most engine driven reciprocal and rotary files made of

A

nickel titanium and related alloys

73
Q

what are engine driven reciprocal and rotary files used for

A

the ability to stay centered in the canal was basic in their introduction
- based on their quality of performing in a super elastic manner
- easily follow a smoothyl created glide path and immediately return to their designed shape when stress is removed

74
Q

what are wave one gold files

A

motor driven reciprocal files

75
Q

what do motor driven reciprocal files do

A

push material ahead of the file
- used in 3 passes to prevent pushing debris out the end of the root where it would cause inflammation

76
Q

what size is the small wave one gold files

A

0.20/.07

77
Q

what do 6 black bands indicate on the .25/.12 vortex Ni-Ti rotary file

A

12 taper

78
Q

what is the maximum flute diameterin the .25/.12 vortex rotary file

A

1.20mm size #129

79
Q

the .25/.12 may not be appropriate to enlarge a smaller canal and may need to be carefully used to a depth less than the maximum flute diameter to avoid:

A

excessive root structure or possible strip perforation of the root
- about the depth of 12-14mm only

80
Q

what are the sizes of the vortex blue rotary files

A

.25/0.04 through .45/.04

81
Q

what size is the vortex rotary file

A

.25/.12

82
Q

what is the size of the patency file

A

.10/.02

83
Q

what is the size of the glide path file

A

.15/.02

84
Q

we will be using vortex blue files of the following sizes

A

-.25/.04
- .30/.04
- .35/0.4
- .40/.04
- .45/.04
- .50/.04

85
Q

larger than #50 we will do ____ with _____

A

serial step back; hand files

86
Q

vortex blue files tip sizes are identified by:

A

the color of the ring

87
Q

the taper of the file is identified by the number of:

A

black bands x 2

88
Q

what sequence are the vortex blue files used in

A

25-30-35-40-45

89
Q

what is the intended use of the barbed broach

A

rotated in canal to entangle and remove vital pulp organ

90
Q

describe the barbed broach

A
  • SS hand instrument with plastic handle
  • a round wire which is barbed by scoring and prying a tag of metal away from the long axis of the wire
  • if broach becomes bound within the canal or forced around a canal curvature, it will routinely break upon removal attempt
91
Q

when are barbed broach instruments recommended

A

large, straight canals

92
Q

when is the reamer useful

A

by advancement and rotation in straight canals

93
Q

why are reamer instruments dangerous in curved canal

A

ledging is the usual result

94
Q

the tip of the reamer is ____ in nature

A

cutting

95
Q

how is the reamer made

A

by twisting a square or triangular wire but the angle between the long axis of the instrument and the cutting blade is small so it is ineffective when used in a filing motion

96
Q

describe the hedstroem file

A
  • a ground round wire
  • cuts aggressively on pull stroke
  • vulnerable to rotation
  • prone to fracture
  • used by faculty
97
Q

how are reamers manufactured

A

by twisting a tapered triangular SS blank

98
Q

fewer flutes are created than _____

A

K type files

99
Q

reamers cut only upon ____

A

rotation

100
Q

reamers are ineffective with a ____ motion

A

filing

101
Q

why are reamers dangerous

A

they tend to stray away from natural canal

102
Q

how are K type files manufactured

A

by twisting a tapered square or rhomboidal SS blank

103
Q

how are K type files effective

A

when used with a rasping (pulling) motion

104
Q

K type files are _____ prone to fracture

A

less

105
Q

K type files tend to follow natural canal when ____

A

pre-curved

106
Q

what type of files do we use: Reamers, K-type files, Hedstrom files

A

K-type files

107
Q

how are hedstrom files manufactured

A

by machining (grinding) tapered round SS blank

108
Q

hedstrom files have a ________ when used in a filing motion

A

aggressive dentin removal

109
Q

why are hedstrom files weaker

A

due to machining

110
Q

if hedstrom files are used in a rotational manner:

A

they are very easily broken

111
Q
A

Endo I (13 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions