ISO endo hand instrument coding system

Question 1

006 (tip diameter=0.06mm) colour?

Answer 1

orange

Question 2

008 (0.08mm) colour?

Answer 2

grey

Question 3

0.10mm (010), colout?

Answer 3

purple

Question 4

015 (0.15mm) , colour?

Answer 4

white

Question 5

020 (0.20mm), colour?

Answer 5

yellow

Question 6

sizes 015 is white, what colour is:

1) size 045
2) 050
3) 055
4) 060
5) 070
6) 080
7) 090

Answer 6

1) white
2) yellow
3) red
4) blue
5) green
6) black
7) white

Question 7

when does the size changes in tip diameter go from going up in 0.05 mm to 0.1?

Answer 7

after 0.60 is 0.70

0.55 is the size before 0.70

Question 8

What is the largest hand instrument you can get? tip diameter? what colour is it?

Answer 8

140 (1.40mm)

black

Question 9

What is the smallest hand instrument you can get? tip diameter? what colour is it?

Answer 9

0.60 (0.60mm)

orange

Question 10

what is the standard taper of hand instruments in the 1960s/ now (if using the ones on clinic)?

Answer 10

0.02mm/mm (2%)

Question 11

What hand instruments can a precurve be added to ?

2) What instruments can’t?
3) what can both of these be used for?

Answer 11

1) NiTi alloys or stainless steel
2) NiTi
3) 1) opening narrow canals/ intial canal negotiation, stronger and precurve means less stress
2) enlarging canals without deviation

Question 12

Why do hand instruments taper vary?

Answer 12

too much stress placed on instrument if cutting too much of the root canal wall.

Question 13

what is the standard length of hand instruments in the 1960s/ now (if using the ones on clinic)?

Answer 13

16mm

Question 14

what 3 properties must files have and why?

Answer 14

sharp (to cut dentine), flexible (to negotiate curves) and strong (to resis fracture)

Question 15

Name a set of non-ISO hand files (there re 3 of them)

2) describe their individual tapers?

Answer 15

1) ProTaper hand files
a) shaper 1= 2-11% (taper increases towards shank)
b) Shaper 2 (4-11.5%)
c) Finisher 1(7%)

Question 16

Name a set of non-ISO hand files (there re 3 of them)

2) What are their tip sizes?

Answer 16

1) ProTaper hand files
a) shaper 1= 17 (0.17mm)
b) Shaper 2 =20
c) Finisher 1= 20

Question 17

Reciprocating files, also do not follow ISO standards. Describe their taper?

Answer 17

relatively large taper in their apical 3mm= 8%

before reducing further up the instrument, the max diameter is 1.05mm

Question 18

Gutta percha points come in a variety of sizes and tapers.
a) the ISO sizes for master cones, sizes range from? and the taper is?
b) non ISO sizes for accessory cones have a taper of?
to match what?

Answer 18

a) 15-140, 2%

b) more than 2% taper, to match Kerr or Maillefer spreaders

Question 19

what is the pH of non-setting CaOH cement?

Answer 19

11/12

Question 20

what are the 2 types of ISO hand files you can get?

2) how does this affect their cutting motion?

Answer 20

1) ISO K hand files and ISO Hedstroem files
2) K can do rotation (watchwind) and rasping. Hedstroem can only do rasping (cut against walls on outward stroke) , not rotational