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R.S. (Old) > Islamic Practices > Flashcards

Islamic Practices Flashcards

1
Q

Lesser Jihad Conditions

A
  • Fought in self-defence
  • Approved by a religious leader
  • Not used to convert people
  • Not used to gain land
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2
Q

Lesser jihad meaning

A

Struggle against the outside world

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3
Q

Greater jihad meaning

A

Struggle within oneself

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4
Q

Examples of greater jihad

A
  • Following the five pillars
  • Forgive others
  • Study the Qur’an
  • Help those in need
  • Avoid negative qualities (e.g. greed)
  • Resist temptations (e.g. alcohol)
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5
Q

Quote about greater jihad

A

“The greatest jihad is to battle your own soul, to fight the evil within yourself.” - Muhammad

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6
Q

Quote about lesser jihad

A

“Permission to fight has been given to those who are being fought” - Qur’an

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7
Q

What is (always) said in the Shahadah?

A

“I declare there is no God but Allah and Muhammad is his messenger.”

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8
Q

What do Shia Muslims add to the Shahadah? (shortened)

A

“And Ali is the friend of God.”

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9
Q

Name 2 reasons why the Shahadah is important

A
  • Part of the daily prayer
  • Summarises the key ideas of the religion
    Converting to Islam
    Should be the last thing a Muslim hears
    Recited into a newborn’s ear
    Part of the Adhan (call to prayer)
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10
Q

What are two activities Muslims do during Hajj

A

Tawaf - Circling the Kaaba 7 times anti-clockwise, as this was where Muhammad smashed the idols to return the Kaaba to a place of worship to the one God, Allah

Meditating at Mount Arafat - they pray and meditate, as this is where Muhammad delivered his final sermon

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11
Q

Quote about Hajj (clearing of sins)

A

“Whoever performs Hajj for Allah’s pleasure […] he will return as if he were born anew.”

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12
Q

Night of power quote (importance)

A

“The night of power is greater than a thousand months”

(Meaning: observing the night of power gives them the benefit of worshipping for a thousand months.)

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13
Q

Sawm quote

A

“You who believe, fasting is prescribed for you […] that you may be mindful of God.”

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14
Q

What is sawm?

A

Fasting between sunrise and sunset

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15
Q

What does the Night of Power mark the beginning of?

A

God’s revelation

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16
Q

What angel revealed the Qur’an to Muhammad?

A

Angle Jibril

17
Q

What do Muslims do to celebrate the Night of Power?

A

Muslims will try to keep awake throughout the night on each of the possible dates (of the night of power) to read and pray

Muslims come together to celebrate in the mosque, and it is believed that it is a time when Allah will forgive their sins

18
Q

Why do Muslim’s fast?

A

Ramadan falls on the same month Muhammed (pbuh) is believed to have received the first revelation of the Qur’an, and so Muslims use this time to focus upon the word of God rather than bodily desires

19
Q

Sawm quote (self-discipline)

A

“Oh believers! Fasting is prescribed for you […] that you may learn self-restraint.” - Qur’an

20
Q

Apart from fasting, what must Muslims do during Ramadan?

A

Refrain from smoking, listening to music and having sex. Avoid evil thoughts and hate speech. Read the Qur’an from beginning to end throughout the month.

21
Q

Example question: Explain two contrasting Muslim views about the importance of Sawm

(4 marks)

A

Some Muslims believe that sawm is important because it gives Muslims the opportunity to show empathy with those in the world who live in poverty (2 marks)

Some Muslims believe that by fasting it helps them to generate discipline and self-control that will help them in life (2 marks)

22
Q

What is Id ul-Adha (Greater Eid)?

A

A four-day festival that remembers Ibrahim, who was willing to sacrifice his son for God.

23
Q

When does Id ul-Adha happen?

A

At the end of Hajj.
It is a chance for all Muslims across the world to worship and celebrate together especially as in many countries it is a public holiday.

24
Q

How does Id ul-Adha begin?

A

The festival begins with prayers in a mosque where there is a communal service and a sermon is given about sacrifice and obedience to Allah.

25
Q

What do families do during Id ul-Adha?

A

Families meet and give money, cards and presents, clothes are bought or made, and meals are shared.

26
Q

In which festival is an animal sacrificed and split three ways, and where do each of the thirds go to?

A

Id ul-Adha.
A third going to relatives / neighbours and a third going to the poor, a third being kept.

27
Q

What does the story of Prophet Ibrahim remind Muslims of?

A

The importance of sacrifice and obedience to Allah.

28
Q

Quote about Id ul-Adha

A

“Their meat will not reach God […] but what reaches him is piety from you” - Qur’an

29
Q

What is Id ul-Fitr (Lesser Eid)?

A

A reward for the completion of a month of fasting and for showing self control during this time.

30
Q

When does Id ul-Fitr happen?

A

At the end of Ramadan, at the sight of the new moon.

31
Q

What do Muslims do during Id ul-Fitr?

A

Muslims gather in a mosque or large outdoor area to say special prayers.

The imam’s sermon reminds Muslims that they should forgive and settle disputes.

32
Q

Why is Id ul-Fitr significant?

A

Id-ul-Fitr is an acknowledgement of the fact that the Qur’an was revealed during the month of Ramadan.

It celebrates the fact that Muslims have completed sawm. It thanks God for the strength to complete the fast and for providing wisdom and guidance.

33
Q

What is Ashura?

A

Ashura is a Muslim day of sorrow. It corremotrates the death of Muhammad’s grandson in battle.

It is most significant in Shi’a Islam although it is important for all Muslims.

34
Q

What do Muslims do during Ashura?

A

Wear black.
Perform plays, read poems.
Some Shia Muslims flagellate (harm themselves).
Some go on pilgrimage to the tomb of Husayn.
It is a day to show kindness to family and the poor.
Recite prayers and learn from Islamic scholars

35
Q

Quote about Hajj (performing it)

A

“O people! Allah has prescribed Hajj upon you, so perform it.” - Prophet Abraham

36
Q

Charity quote

A

“Give charity without delay, for it stands in the way of calamity.” - Prophet Muhammad

“He who sleeps on a full stomach while his neighbour goes hungry is not one of us.” - Prophet Muhammad

R.S. (Old) (2 decks)

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