Islamic Literature Flashcards
1
Q
Abu
A
An element in many male Arab names, meaning “farther of” - thus Abu Dawud means “Father of Dawud”
2
Q
Adhan
A
The Muslim call to public prayer
3
Q
Ahl Al-Kitab
A
“People of the Book”- the title the Quran gives to the Jews and Christians, because they received divine revelations (see Sura 3:72, 113). In the beginning, Muhammad said, “He who wrongs a Jew or a Christian will have myself as his accuser on the Day of Judgment.” However in his last hour he apparently changed his mind, saying “Two religiosn in the Arabian Peninsula are not to be tolerated.” Abu Bakr applied this principle in his message to Ahl al - Kitab living in Arabia.
4
Q
Ahmadia
A
A heretical Muslim sect stated by Mirzi Ghulam Ahmad kadiani.
5
Q
Al-
A
The Arabic definite article, prefixed to substatives; often used as a flag for the genitive consruction, vis. X or Y
6
Q
Al-Andalus
A
The part of Spain under Muslim rule. Its frontier fluctuated with the fortunes of war.
7
Q
Al- Baidawi
A
Naser el-Din Abdulla, a well known Muslim commentator, who died AD 1286. His commentary is called Anwar al-Tanzil Wa Asrar al -Ta’wil
8
Q
Al-Bukhari
A
Muhammad ibn Ismael. Spent 16 years listening to 600.000 ahadith of which he accepted only 7,275
9
Q
AD 570
A
Birth of Muhammad
10
Q
AD 597
A
Muhammed married Khadija
11
Q
AD 610
A
Muhammad received his first revelation
12
Q
620
A
Khadija died: Muhammad married sawda bing Zam’a
13
Q
622
A
the Jijra- Muhammad moved to Medina, the frist year of the Islamic era
14
Q
623
A
Muhammad married Aisha bin Abu Baker (age 9)
15
Q
624
A
Battle of Badr- Muslims defeated the forcres of Mecca
16
Q
625
A
Muhammad married Hafsa bint Umar - Meccans defeated Muslim forces at Uhud
17
Q
627
A
Battle of the Ditch, Siege of Medina, Muslims won
18
Q
629
A
Byzantine forces defeated Muslim army
19
Q
630
A
Muhammads’s forces took Mecca
20
Q
632
A
Muhammad’s last pilgrimage to Mecca and death (Aisha age 18)
21
Q
632-34
A
Caliphate of Abu Bakr
22
Q
634-44
A
Caliphate of Umar
23
Q
644-56
A
Caliphate of Uthman
24
Q
656-661
A
Caliphate of Ali
25
661-750
Rule of the Omayyad Dynasty
26
674
Muslims besieged Constantinople
27
680
Death of Husain at Karbala'
28
711
Muslims crossed from North AFrica to Spain
29
711-1492
Muslim Occupation of Spain
30
732
Battle of Tours- Charles Martel defeated the Muslims
31
750-1258
Rule of the Abbasid Dynasty
32
786-809
Caliphate of Haroun al-Rashid in Baghdad
33
870
Muslims took Malta
34
1091
Christian forces recovered Sicily and Malta
35
1096-1270
The Crusades
36
1096-1099
First Crusade (Response to the capture of Edessa, 1141)
37
1189-1192
Third Crusade (Cyprus from Byzantium; Acre from Moslems)
38
1202-1204
Fourth Crusade
39
1099
Crusaders Capture Jerusalem, July 19
40
1187
Saladin defeats the Crusaders, reclaim Jerusalem
41
1203
Muslims rule begins in North India
42
1227
Death of Genghis Khan
43
1405
Death of Tamerlane
44
1453
Fall of Constantinople to the Muslims
45
1492
Muslims expelled from Spain
46
1517
Caliphate taken over by the Ottoman sultans
47
1923
Abolition of the Caliphate
48
Muhammad's Trip to Syria
Age 12
49
Muhammad joined ____ on his journey
Uncle
50
Muhammad was exposed to...
Bad branches of the Christian faith
51
Muhammad may have...
Embraced the teachings of Jesus
52
Muhammad formed a friendship with...
Christian monk
53
Mary was ____ in Muhammad's mind
Held a goddess
54
The church did not...
Hold to the unity of the God head
55
Mary looks like...
Part of the trinity
56
The Hidden Years
Don't know much between ages 12-15
57
Muhammad herded sheep in...
Mecca
58
He learned about...
Arab religion and was taught much about the teaching and faith of Abraham
59
Khadija was...
15 years older than him, she was a powerful person, she had a daughter and two sons in the previous marriage, she gave him four sons and two daughters, sons died at infancy
60
The first revelation
AD 610
61
Muhammad was asleep when...
Gabriel the Angel appeared to him and shouted "recite"
62
Muhammad was...
Illiterate and knew how to memorize
63
Muhammad was addressed as...
Muhammad is addressed as the man in the blanket or the man who is wrapped up
64
The Cessation of the revelation
Based on providential wisdom
65
Followers multiply- Persecution Begins
First followers were Khadija (wife) and his family
66
Muhammad encouraged
During a difficult period, Muhammad received his most dramatic revelations
67
Encouraged by all the prophets of God...
Some say that Muhammad saw god face to face and had 70.000 conversations with him
68
The Hijra
The Flight 622 AD
69
Mecca to Yathrib
Became Medina- City of the prophet
70
His followers lived in
Yathrib
71
Sura 33:50
God authorized his polygamy and authorized rape, pillage, and burn tactics
72
Khadija was Muhammad's wife for ____ years
25
73
Sawda bint Zam's
620
74
Aisha bint Abu Bakr
"Favorite Child Bride" and the youngest of the wives, she was married at 8, and was 18 when Muhammad died
75
Aisha was consulted about...
Theological issues
76
Hafsa bint Umar
625 AD
77
Zainab bint Khuzaima
Widowed, and known as the "Mother of the Poor"
78
Um Salama
AD 628
79
Zainab bint Iahsh
maye AD 625
80
Juwairieh bint al-Harith
Jewish- Muhammad freed her and married her after her husband was killed in the war with the Muslims
81
Safia bint Huyai (Jewish)
She was taken captive by Muslims (Muhammaed freed her- Translation: raped her)
82
Um Habiba
From Ethiopia
83
Mariya (Coptic from Egypt AD 629
Captive until she gave him a son and then she was moved to a wife
84
Muhammed was the only one alive to marry more than ____ wives
4
85
Early Islamic Wars
The Battle of Badr (Sura 8:41) and The Battle of Uhud (Sura 2:190-91)
86
Early in Islamic history the bowing down was towards Jerusalem
The taking of Mecca made a significant change during the early days of Islam
87
A New Quiblah
Direction for prayer
88
Switched from Jerusalem to____
Ka'aba in Mecca
89
Suras 2:125, 142, 144 mean..
wherever you turn Allah will be there
90
The latter Sura's of the Quran show thoroughly hatred towards
Jews and Christians
91
Delegations of 630
Several tribes embrace Islam
92
Muhammad died at age
60
93
Muslims believe in the Quran the
Eleventh century edit
94
The Hadith
Al-Bukhari and the basis for law
95
The Quias and The Ijma began in
the systematized third century
96
The Muslim law has
Four schools of thought
97
Allah is
Like the word of Elohim; found in the name of Muhammad's father; excited the Arab peninsula long before Muhammad's time; Sura 112:1-4
98
99 names of God
Contradictory
99
Allah in Muslim Theology
Essence, Attributes and works; Allah's oneness and three attributes; three time possessor
100
Attributes are...
life, knowledge, power, willing, seeing, hearing, speech, eternity
101
Sura 19:63
Allah created the world and sustained it, and his created activity are for men's work
102
Muslims often say...
"if Allah wills"
103
Islam means
Surrender submission, and subjection
104
Angles
Jibril (Gabriel) was called the faithful spirit and was sent to Mary to tell her about Jesus
105
Mikhail
Sounds the trumpet in the end times
106
Al-Zabaniya
The violent Thrusters
107
Al-Mugarabun
The brought near to Allah
108
Munkar and Nakir
Visit one after he has been buried and question him about his faith; if he believes then it becomes purgatory; if he is a saint the grave may be a preliminary paradise
109
Shaitan/Iblis (Sura 7:10-17)
Supposed to bow down to Adam
110
Harut and Marut
The jinn- Belief in the jinn is common especially in strong Islamic areas
111
The Torah
Many Muslims believe the OT is a Holy Book and they believe it was changed by the Jews
112
The Zabur
They believe that all 150 Psalms were David's personal Psalms
113
The injil
Believes that this was the book given to Jesus; Jesus took it when he ascended; would be considered the entire NT
114
The Qur'an
The origin, “When Muhammad said powerful and wise, Abdahla said forgiving and merciful.” He claimed he used to manipulate Muhammad any way he wanted. If it was revealed to Muhammad it was revealed to him.
115
Prophets
Suras 3:33; 4:163; 6:84-87 Adam the chosen of Allah, Safi Allah; Noah, the preacher of Allah, Nabi Allah; Abraham, the friend of Allah, Khalil Allah
Moses , The speaker of Allah, Kalim Allah
Jesus, the word of Allah, Kalimat Allah. Muhammad, the apostle of Allah, Rasul Allah
116
Day of Judgment
Muslims are required to believe in the day of Judgment
117
The fire is for_____ believers
Disobedient
118
The jihad is _____
war and those who die in the war or the women who have died in childbirth will go straight to paradise
119
Janna
Garden of paradise
120
Jahannan
Fire
121
The anti-christ
Daijal
122
The decree of Good and Evil
gada' wa gadar
123
Quda
Deciding, commanding, judging, fixing
124
Qadar
To measure an amount, to estimate, to assign, something by measure
125
Creed
"There is not God, but Allah, and Muhammad is the Apostle of Allah."
126
Muslims spend _____ min. in prayer
80 min.
127
Non-fundamentalist spend about _____ min in prayer
150 min.
128
Fundamentalists spend about _____ min. in prayer
300 min.
129
Jihad
Holy War
130
Sunni Islam
From "sunna" a path and manner of life; the custom, especially of Muhammad, transmitted through the Hadith."
131
Shia Muslims
Dominion, race, secrecy, messianism, dogmatism
132
Sufism
Blends with Hinduism and has its roots in some form of Egyptian christianity
133
Sufism
Origin, pioneers, fear/love, the Tariqa
134
Sura 2:51
Moses' working with people
135
Sura 3:47
In Sura they venerate Mary on one side and they scandalize her on the other
136
Sura 3:59
Jesus was created from the dust
