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Islam > Islamic conception of God and the Human Being (week 6) > Flashcards

Islamic conception of God and the Human Being (week 6) Flashcards

1
Q

What are the six objects of faith?

A

God, His angels, His books, His prophets, the Last Day, the measuring out; both its good and its evil.

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2
Q

What are the three principles of faith?

A

1) Tawhid - to recognise that God is one.
- God, angels, the measuring out.
2) prophecy
- scriptures, prophets
3) return (eschatology)
- the Last Day

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3
Q

What is faith (iman)? (3)

A
  • a voicing with the tongue (speaking)
  • an activity with the limbs (doing)
  • a knowledge in the heart (knowing)
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4
Q

What are the three ways in which the heart is considered?

A
  1. as the centre of human awareness
  2. seat of knowledge (and intention)
  3. can be ‘purified’ (discussed in philosophical ethics and Sufism as a ‘mirror’ to be polished)
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5
Q

What are we considered to be born with?

A

An innate human nature that has a basic reformation of God - throughout your human life you forget this inborn nature of God.

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6
Q

Define iman

A

faith

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7
Q

define kufr

A

unbelief

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8
Q

define shukr

A

gratitude

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9
Q

define Kufr

A

ingratitude

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10
Q

What does tawhid mean?

A

to declare/affirm/recognise that God is one

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11
Q

What does shirk mean?

A

to associate others with God; to give God partners - polytheism or ‘idol-worship’ - deemed a grave sin

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12
Q

Where is there a statement of tawhid?

A

the first half of the Shahada

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13
Q

Why is tawhid important

A

it is the foundation of the Islamic faith and practice

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14
Q

What is the dynamic of God-human relationship like?

A

‘In the end, Gods mercy prevails over His wrath: I strike with My chastisement whom I will, but My mercy embraces all things (Q7:156)’

important to remember that God’s kinds and forgiveness is even stronger than any scolding. so in the end his mercy is more powerful and covers everything

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15
Q

What is Tanzih?

A

it is to declare incomparability

‘nothing Is like him’ (Q 42:11)

God inspired awe and fear in human beings and distances himself

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16
Q

What is tashibh

A

it is to declare comparability

‘he is with you wherever you are’ (Q 57:4)

God inspires affection and hope in human beings which draws humans near

17
Q

Give a quote exploring the use of ‘beautiful names’ to refer to God

A

To God belong the most beautiful names (Q 7:180)

18
Q

What are the aspects of God in terms of comparability (tashbih)?

A

merciful
gentle
beautiful
forgiving
life giving
manifest

however too much tashbih can lead to anthropomorphism

19
Q

What are the aspects of God in terms of incompatibility (tanzih)?

A

wrathful
severe
majestic
vengeful
death-giving
hidden

however too much tanzih leads to the belief of God as inaccessible and inconceivable.

20
Q

In reference to what is the creation of human beings described?

A

spirit: light
body: clay

light linking to tashbih and body linking to tanzih

21
Q

Describe the hierarchy of creatures

A

angels
humans
animals
plants
minerals

22
Q

where and how do human beings fit into this?

A

‘God created the angels from intelligence, the beasts from appetite, and human beings from both intelligence and appetite. When a person’s intelligence overcomes his appetite, he is higher than the angels, but when his appetite overcomes his intelligence, he is worse than the beasts’ (hadith)

23
Q

What is so special about human beings among all creatures?

A

I am placing in the earth a vigerent (khalifa) (Q 2:30)
Human beings are created not only to be servants/worshippers (‘abd) but also vicegerents (khalifa) of God on earth (potential for fulfilling two roles)

24
Q

What is another reason why humans are special among all creatures?

A

God taught Adam the names, all of them (Q 2:31)
» Humans were given the knowledge of all the names

25
Q

What is a final way?

A

‘God created Adam in His form’ (a hadith, though its origin/authenticity is debated)
Humans were created in God’s form
Humans as microcosms

26
Q

What is believed about how humans can come to know God?

A

through communication
- God sends them signs (or reminders)

27
Q

In what ways does God communicate with humans?

A
  • revelations
  • prophets
  • creation as a whole
  • self-appellation (divine names and attributes mentioned in the Quran)
28
Q

What is the Islamic pov of angels?

A

affirm the existence of them as part of Gods creation serving as divine agents, carrying out various roles

29
Q

What do these roles involve?

A

protecting humans, delivering Gods messages, and performing diverse functions

30
Q

Give an example of this:

A

the angel of Gabriel plays a crucial role in delivering divine revelations to the prophet

31
Q

how do muslims view the day of judgement?

A

central theme of the Quran

32
Q
A

Islam (10 decks)

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