Islamic Architecture in the Philippines Flashcards
Five pillars of Islam
Shahada - the Islamic Creed Salat - Ritual prayer Siyam - fasting Zakat - Charity tax Hajj - Pilgrimage to Mecca
“Unity of Allah” Most important doctrine of Islam which means monotheism.
Tawhid
Divert followers away from human nature and to focus on the divine
Geometric Forms
Ornaments that dictate the function of a Muslim building
Calligraphic Inscription
Where the Islamic Cosmos is based upon.
God as the Unique Origin of all things
Where space is aligned and polarized by a focal point in Mecca
Ka’aba
The axis orienting all masjids in Mecca
Kibla or Kiblah
The wall where the imam and the worshippers must be orientated to when they pray
Kiblah
Means “a place of prostration”
Masjid
Two types of traditional structures for worship
- Langgal (Tausug and Yakal) or Ranggal (Maranao)
2. Majid or Maskid
Literally means “to meet”. A small chapel made of semi-permanent material
Lanngal or Ranggal
More permanent structure with stone foundations, ideally built near a body of water
Masjid or Maskid
Used to call prayers
Tabo, Jabu-jabu, dabu-dabu
Not high unlike those in Africa and Western Asia
Minbar or Mimbar
Winged centaur
Burak
Derived from Arabic darasa means to “to read” or “to learn”
Madrasa
Indigenous fortifications made up of palm trees and wooden posts filled with earth
Kota
Maranao’s sultan house. Place of residence and office of the sultan
Torogan
Mat assigned for every member
Pukananan or pugigaan
Popular Maranao art form
Okir
Wild rooster symbolizing completeness, wealth, prestige, and power
Sarimanuk
End-beam design
Panolong
House of the highest rank in a pagawid principality
Mala a walai
String instrument
Kotiyapi
Sable
Kampilan
Spear
Sebat
House of light materials for common people
Lawig
Sea-serpent
Naga
Growing ferns
Pako rabong
Fence-like motif
Onsod
Rope-like motif
Tiali-tali
Flower-like motif
Obar-obar
Growing vine or scroll-like motif
Birdo
Princess’ room
Lamin
Princess’ bed
Lapa
Sultan’s area
Sendigan
Bed in the sultan area
Panggao
Richly ornamented fabric
Mamandiang, Lalansay, and Samandeg
Hand-embroidered and opulent designed piece of fabric laid
Mamandiang
Kitchen of the Maranao
Tulang
Maranao dining area
Pukananan
Maranao sleeping area
Pugigaan
Maranao stairs
Towa
Maranao tread
Kerit
Hand-embroidered and lavishly embellished drapery that is vertically hanged below mamandiang
Lalansay
Hand-made and richly ornamented piece of cloth horizontally laid below lalansay
Somandeg
Roof of the Maranao house
Atup
Maranao king posts
Pulaos bungan
Maranao rafter
Kalasagan
Maranao tie beam
Tinai-a-walay
Maranao hip rafter
Sumang
Maranao floor board
Lantay
Maranao floor joist
Dulog
Maranao corner post
Tukud
Maranao central post
Tapuwilih
Maranao wallboard
Runding
A tall tower with a circular base, attached to a mosque and with stairs.
Circular Minaret
Another word for mosque. A spiritual sanctuary for Muslim worship primarily governed by liturgical axis
Masyid, Masjid
Arabic term for God, the creator of the universe
Allah
Minaret’s base having eight sides
Octahedral base
Prayer niche inside a mosque that indicates the direction of Mecca
Mihrab
Star and crescent moon. Emblem of the Islamic world
Hilal
Sanctuary used for communal worship for men and women
Musalla
Bulbous ogee-shaped dome resembling
Onion dome roof
Rectangular one-room structures near the coastal waters of Southern Mindanao, Palawan, Zamboanga, and Sulu
Samal Houses
Samal bridge built on shallow water
Pantan
Samal boat under the house
Pelang
Samal roof. Gable roof with moderate slope usually made of nipa
Bubung
Samal king-post; central timber post
Pang-tuud
Samal tie beam
Habong
Samal stud along the perimeter of the wall
Tukalog
Samal roof beam laid horizontally
Taytayan-tikus
Samal joist bamboo
Salsal
Samal girder of lumber or bamboo
Hanglad
Tausug house in the Southern Philippines.
Bay Sinug
Foremost ethnic group in Sulu
Tausug or Suluk
Tausug meaning
“People”“Tide”
Tausug inland people
Tau Gimba
Tausug along the shore
Tau Higad
Tausug rafter providing support on the ridge
Lubing-lubing
Tausug split bamboo wall covering
Tiyadtad
Tausug post at the perimeter of the house
Hag
Tausug ridge beam of thick lumber at the ridge of the roof
Batang-bubungan
Tausug king post; a vertical member often in a form similar to a baluster
Pusal
Tausug purlins of bamboo or wood branches placed above the rafter
Kasaw
Tausug tie beam of lumber that runs across the upper portion
Ubung
Tausug central post placed at the center of the house
Liug
Tausug bargeboardend decoration at the upper end
Tadjuk pasung
Tausug roof beam
Hanglad
