Islam - Beliefs & Teachings Flashcards
6 articles of faith
1- Tawhid - oneness of God
2 - Authority of Holy books
3 - Belief in angels
4 - Prophethood ( RISALAH )
5 - Belief in predestination ( AL-QADR )
6 - Day of judgement and life after death ( AKHIRAH )
5 Roots of USUL AD-DIN - Shia
- Tawhid
- Justice ( ADALAT )
- NUBUWAAH Prophethood
- Imamate
- Day of judgement and resurrection
Nature of God
1) Tawhid
2) Omnipotent
3) Omnibenevolent
4) omniscient - all knowing
5) merciful
6) Adalat - just
1) Tawhid
2) Omnipotent
1) “There is no god but God, and Muhammad is the Messenger of God” - Shahadah
AL-AHAD The Unique, The Only One
2)
AL-QADEER The Omnipotent One
AL-‘AZEEM The Magnificent, The Supreme
3) Omnibenevolent
4) omniscient - all knowing
1) “ God rewards good deeds and knows everything “ - Surah 2
AL-WADUD The Most Loving
2) “He sends down the rain, and knows what is in the wombs” - Surah Luqman 34
5) merciful
6) Adalat - just
1) merciful
“ There is no God but Allah, the entierly merciful, the especially merciful “ - Quran 1:1
AR-RAHEEM / AR-RAHEEM The Merciful
2) Adalat - just
AL-MUQSIT The Just One
Surah An-Nisa - 135
O believers! Stand firm for justice as witnesses for Allah even if it is against yourselves, your parents, or close relatives.
Gods relationship with the world
Immanence - God is close and involved within the world
“We are closer to man than his jugular vein” (Surah Qaaf) 50:16
Transcendent - God is above and beyond human knowledge
“No vision can grasp Him…” (Quran 6:103)
5 pillars of Islam
1) Shahadah
2) Salah - “The key to Paradise is Salat, and the key to Salat is Wudu’.” The Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) said: “Between disbelief and faith is abandoning the Salat.”
2) Sawm - “There is a gate in Paradise called Ar-Raiyan, and those who observe fasts will enter through it”
4) Zakat - “The wealth of a person does not decrease by paying Zakat” (Sahih Bukhari)
5) Hajj - “Whoever performs Hajj for Allah’s pleasure and does not have sexual relations with his wife, and does not do evil or sins then he will return (after Hajj free from all sins) as if he were born anew.”
Angel Jibril - role
Delivers messages including the Quran
Jibril revealed the Quran to Muhammad over a period of 23 years
“Angel of Revelation,” primarily responsible for delivering God’s messages to prophets
verse 2:97 of Surah al-Baqarah (The Cow). The verse states:
“Say, ‘Whoever is an enemy to Gabriel, then indeed he brought it down on your heart by (the) permission (of) Allah’”
Angel Mika’il
known as the Angel of Mercy and is believed to give rain, food, and protection to people.
Qurʾān (2:98) states: “Whoever is an enemy of God or his angels or his apostles or Jibrīl or Mīkāl: verily God is an enemy of the unbelievers
What are two beliefs about angels ?
- Spiritual beings created from elements of light
Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) says, “The angels were created from light “
They praise God and have no free will.
“ Each person has angels before him and behind, watching over him by god’s command “ - Surah 13
Angel Israfil
Blows the trumpet the first time to signify Qiamat and blows the second time for resurrection
Surah Az Zumar 39:68
” and the trumpet shall be blown, so all those that are in the heavens and all those that are in the earth shall be swoon, except Allah ; then it shall be blown again, then they shall stand up awaiting “
Angel jibril
a messenger who revealed the Quran to the Prophet Muhammad
Qurʾān (2:98) states: “Whoever is an enemy of God or his angels or his apostles or Jibrīl or Mīkāl: verily God is an enemy of the unbelievers
Heaven, hell and day of judgement
Every soul shall taste death, and only on the Day of Judgement will you be paid your full recompense. surah 3
Allah said, “Get out of Paradise! You are disgraced and rejected! I will certainly fill up Hell with you and your followers all together.” to Shaytan Surah Al Araf
rivers of fresh water, rivers of milk that never changes in taste, rivers of wine delicious to drink, and rivers of pure honey. Surah Al Muhammad 47:15
Predestination
” Nobody may die except with God’s permission at a predestined time “ Surah 3
God says BE and it is - surah 2
Prophet Muhammad SAW
Seal of prophets
Born in Mecca where polytheism was wide spread
On Layla tul Qadr, Angel Jibril revealed Quran to prophet Muhammad when he was meditating in cave of mount Hira - revealed over 23 years
Went to Mecca to preach and denied so went to Medina to escape where he was welcomed and set up system. After getting enough support, he returned and conquered Mecca
“If you should love Allah, then follow me [i.e. Muhammad]” (3
” Every community is sent a messenger “ Surah 10
Prophet Ibrahim
believed in one God and rejected idea of idols. Preached this and was rejected. Allah sent a miracle when people tried to burn him. God tested him by asking him to sacrifice his son Ismail which he was willing so God sent a lamb instead. ( story of sacrifice in surah 37 )= Eid Ul Adha
[16.123] Follow the faith of Ibrahim, the upright one, and he was not of the polytheists. - surah al Baqarah
Prophet Adam
Built Ka’ba
First prophet and Father of mankind
Khalifah
Sayings of the Prophet Muhammad (ﷺ)
“Allah created Adam in His image,
Quran
Quran means recitation
Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) said: “The Quran is a proof for you or against you.”
Other holy books
Torah ( Tawrat ) Revelation to Musa . No longer in original form and his followers put it together after his death adding original and their own parts.
Gospel (Injil ) - account of jesus’ life and death written by his followers after his death. May involve mistakes.
Psalm (Zabur) - Collection of poems and prayers holy book revealed to King David
Suhuf ( scrolls of ibrahim ) - he received revelations on first day of Ramadan, written by parable like stories.
“We sent down the Torah, as well as the Qur’an” (5)
“We have sent you inspiration, as We sent it to Noah and the Messengers after him” is a verse from the Quran, 4:163.
Imamate - party of Ali
There is 12 and they are spiritual descendants of Prophet Muhammad SAW .
Infallible - interpret teaching of Quran w/o error and exemplary
Twelvers - branch of Shia Islam who believe the 12 imam is somewhere on earth and will be known someday to bring equality
Shia and Sunni difference
Sunni = select best man for the job
Muhammad SAWs friend and advisor Abu Bakr became his first merit
Shia = imams are sinless and believe that Ali, Muhammad SAWs cousin and son in law Ali bin Abu Talib should become his first successor.
Quran refers to Ali as Muhammad’s SAW nafs ( Quran 3:61 )
10 OBLIGATORY ACTS OF SHIA ISLAM
https://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/guides/zdcyb82/revision/7
Enjoin what is right and forbid what is wrong (Qur’an 9:71).
