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Islam Beliefs And Teachings Flashcards

1
Q

What is Tawhid?

A

The oneness and unity of god

One of the most I,portant beliefs in both Sunni and Shi’a Islam

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2
Q

Surah 112 of the Qur’an

Tawhid

A

“Say ‘he is God the one, God the eternal. He begot no one nor was he forgotten. No one is comparable to him’”

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3
Q

What are Muslim’s beliefs in the oneness of God?

A

Most important duty to declare faith in one God
Believe God is one person
No one else has God’s attributes or qualities
Only sin he won’t forgive is attributing God like qualities to any other being or thing
God is unique and nothing can compare to him

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4
Q

What are Muslim’s view on the supremacy of God’s will?

A

God is the one and only creator and controller of everything
Muslim’s believe it’s God’s will and anything happens,God has a good reason for letting it happen
They should accept his will and trust in his intentions

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5
Q

Why do Muslim’s add the words ‘God willing’ after a promise to do something?

A

Shows their belief that they aren’t in control of what happens, only God is

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6
Q

What are Muslim’s belief about free will?

A

Some believe they have no free will because God controls everything
Others think that god doesn’t force people to act in certain ways but that God has allowed people freedom to chose how they behave

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7
Q

What is the impact of Tawhid and the supremacy of God’s will on Muslim’s lives?

A

Only God should be worshipped
Muslim’s should never make anything in their lives more important than God (including their family,money or jobs)

Believing in the supremacy of God’s will means Muslims must accept even the bad things that happen in their lives

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8
Q

Qu’ran 64:11

Supremacy of God’s will

A

“Misfortunes can only happen with God’s permissions”

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9
Q

What is Sunni Islam?

A

Muslims who believe in the successorship to Muhammad of Abu Bakr, Umar, Uthman and Ali

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10
Q

Name the six articles of faith in Sunni Islam?

A

Tawhid- one God
Angels- communicate the message of God to humans
Authority of holy books- the Qur’an is the most important writing and highest authority in Islam
Supremacy of God’s will- God knows what is going to happen and makes everything happen
Day of judgement- when all humanity will be judged by God and sent to paradise or hell
Prophets of God- Muhammad is the most important

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11
Q

What is Shi’a Islam?

A

Thought that Muhammad had named his cousin Ali as his successor as they thought the true leader (the Imam) had to be a descendant of Muhammad and chosen by God

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12
Q

Name the five Roots of ‘Usul ad-Din in Shi’a Islam

A

Prophethood-accepting Muhammad is the last prophet
Justice of God- God is just and wise, can’t do anything wrong and holds humans accountable for their actions
Resurrection- after death, they will be resurrected to be judged by God
The Imamate- accepting the 12 Imams are the leaders of Islam
Tawhid- God is one; isn’t made up of different people

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13
Q

Name 2 common beliefs that Sunni and Shi’a Muslims both share?

A

Tawhid
Guidance of Qur’an
Prophethood of Muhammad

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14
Q

What is a Muslim’s belief about ‘God is the greatest’?

A

They believe he is so great, he is beyond human understanding and greater than anything humans can imagine

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15
Q

What is a Muslim’s belief about the 99 names of God?

A

They believe he revealed himself to people through Muhammad and the holy books

The names help Muslims understand something of God’s nature and each name describes a quality of God

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16
Q

Qur’an 7:180

Names of God

A

‘The most excellent names belong to God:use them to call in him’

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17
Q

How can God be transcendant and immanent?

A

Immanent- within all things and close to his people
Transcendant- beyond all things

He can be both because he is the creator of the universe
Therefore, outside and not limited by the physical world

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18
Q

What is omnipotent?

A

Omnipotent is being all powerful and a quality of God

He is the creator, sustainer and owner of all things

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19
Q

What is beneficent?

A

God is beneficent which is the source of all goodness, his generosity is a gift

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20
Q

What is merciful?

A

God is merciful, he he understands their suffering, cares for them and forgives them if they are truly sorry for any wrong doing

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21
Q

How does God act with fairness and justice?

A

He treats people equally and justly
Other Muslims should do this to their fellow human beings
God judges people fairly on the day of judgement

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22
Q

What are a Muslims beliefs on angels?

A

They believe angels bring the word of god to the prophets or messengers of God
They’re part of the unseen world
Supernatural beings
Created by god from light

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23
Q

What do angels do?

A

They receive God’s word directly from him and pass them on to the prophets of God as they’re pure and sinless but they have no free will so they can’t do anything to displease God

Praise and worship God
Have the power to take on human form

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24
Q

Qur’an 35:1

Angels

A

‘Praise be to God, Creator of the heavens and earth, who made angels messengers with 2,3,4 wings’

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25
Q

What else is the role of angels?

A

Take care or each person throughout their lives
Others responsible for the ‘book of deeds’ which records what people say or think, and it’ll be presented to God on the Day of Judgement
Angels escort people to paradise and guard the gates of hell

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26
Q

Who is the angel Jibril?

A

Archangel- a trusted messenger of God
Relayed the Qur’an to Muhammad from God
Visited Muhammad whilst he was meditating on Mount Hira and told him what God wanted him to do and inspired him with the revelations of the Qur’an

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27
Q

Who is Mika’il?

A

Archangel
Angel of mercy
Assigned to reward people for the good they do during their life
Responsibility for sending rain, thunder and lightening to earth

28
Q

What is predestination?

A

The idea that God knows or determines everything that’ll happen in the universe

29
Q

What are the Sunni Muslim beliefs about predestination?

A

God has already determined everything that, happen in the universe
Written everything down in a ‘book of decrees’
God creates all things so Muslim’s must act according to his will

30
Q

Qur’an 9:51

Sunni Muslim’s Belief on predestination

A

‘Only what God has decreed will happen to us. He is our Master: let the believers out their trust in God’

31
Q

What are the Shi’a Muslim beliefs on predestination?

A

God knows everything that is going to happen but it doesn’t mean that he decides what is going to happen
God has given humans free will, they themselves are responsible for whether God rewards or punishes them

32
Q

Qur’an 13:11

Shi’a Muslim’s belief of predestination

A

‘God doesn’t change the condition of person unless they change what’s in themselves’

33
Q

What is Akhirah?

A

Akhirah is everlasting life after death

Muslim’s believe death isn’t the end but the beginning of a new stage

34
Q

What happens after a Muslim’s death?

A

They believe a person still has a conscious existence in the grave
Here, they enter a stage of waiting called ‘barzakh’ where they wait for the Day of Judgement

35
Q

What happens on the Day of Judgement?

A

Angel Israfil will blow a trumpet to announce the world will end
Everyone will be raised from the dead and judged by God
Book of Deeds dictates how people live in the afterlife
If the book is given in the right hand, they’ll go to heaven
If it’s handed to them in the left, they will go to hell
God will forgive believer ps if they show sorrow for their failings

36
Q

How is heaven described in the Qur’an?

A

It’s described as the gardens of happiness

Reward for faith and good deeds

37
Q

Qur’an 56:15-24

Heaven

A

‘A reward for what they used to do’

38
Q

How is heaven described in the Qur’an?

A

It’s described as a place of fire and great torment

Punishment for those who reject God and do evil

39
Q

Qur’an 56:42-44

Hell

A

‘They will dwell amid scorching wind and scalding water in the shadow of black smoke’

40
Q

What is the importance of the belief in life after death?

A

One of the key beliefs in Sunni and Shi’a Islam
Encourages human responsibility and accountability
Urges people to avoid sin and do the right thing
If some people get away with things, one day they will be held accountable and punished

41
Q

What is prophethood?

A

When God makes someone a prophet to communicate his message to God

42
Q

Why are prophets important to Muslims?

A

They provide a message of communication between human and god
Good role models as they live according to God’s will

43
Q

Qur’an 10:47

Prophethood

A

‘Every community is sent a messenger’

44
Q

Who is Adam?

A

First man on earth
First prophet of Islam
Treated with great respect

45
Q

Qur’an 30:20 & 2:31-32

Adam

A

‘One of his signs is that he created you from dust and- lo and behold!- you became human and scattered far and wide’

‘He taught Adam all the names’

46
Q

What happened with Iblis and, Adam and Eve?

A

Iblis was thrown out of paradise when he refused to bow down to Adam and vowed to tempt humans to sin against God

When God created Eve they lived in the Garden of Bliss where they weren’t allowed to eat the fruit. Iblis deceived them into eating fruit and they were thrown out of the garden
These actions brought sin into the world

47
Q

Who is Ibrahim?

A

Arabic name of the prophet of Abraham
He fulfilled all the tests given to him by God
Prophet Muhammad was descended from Ibrahim through Ishmael

48
Q

Why does the Qur’an present Ibrahim as a role model?

A

His obedience to God
Kindness and Compassion
Refusal to worship Idols

49
Q

How did Ibrahim stop idol worship?

A

He took an axe and destroyed all idols in the temple apart from 1
The people were furious and demanded Ibrahim to be burned
A miracle occurred and only his chains were burned
He walked out completely unscathed
As a result, many began to follow God

50
Q

What is the Ka’aba?

A

It is a building in the centre of the grand mosque in Mecca
House of God and holiest place in Islam after Ibrahim and Ishmael rebuilt it when it was destroyed by a flood (original built by Adam)

51
Q

How to Muslims remember Ibrahim’s willingness?

A

Ibrahim was willing to sacrifice his son to God
This showed his willingness to be obedient and a man of faith
Id-ul-Adha remembers Ibrahims willingness by slaughtering an animal

52
Q

How is he remembered on Hajj Pilgrimage?

A

Muslims throw stones at pillars- the same way Ibrahim threw stones at the devil

Run between 2 hills and drink water of Zamzam- remembers Ibrahim’s wife who searched desperately for water for her son. God rewards them with a well

53
Q

Why is Ibrahim important in Islam?

A

A man of faith who denounced idol worship
Rebuilt Ka’aba
Gave message that there is only one God

54
Q

Qur’an 4:125

Ibrahim

A

‘Who could be better in religion than those who direct themselves wholly to God, do good, and follow the religion of Abaraham, who was true in faith?’

55
Q

Who is Muhammad?

A

Last and great prophet of God

Born in 570CE
In 610CE at Mount Hira, Angel Jibril appeared with a message from God
His revelations over the next 20 years combined together to form the Qur’an

56
Q

What is Muhammad’s preaching?

A

He proclaimed God is the one and complete surrender to God is the only acceptable way to live life
Challenged people of Mecca to give up cheating, alcohol, gambling, idol worship
Fled with his followers to Madinah as people didn’t want to hear this

57
Q

What happened after Muhammad fled?

A

Angel Jibril took Muhammad on a journey to Jerusalem and he ascended to heaven where he saw signs of God and spoke to prophets

In Madinah he gathered an army and marched to Mecca where he conquered the city. 360 idols at the Ka’aba were destroyed

58
Q

What happened after Muhammad dies in 632CE?

A

Wasn’t clear who should succeed himself they split into 2 groups

Sunni Muslims elected Abu Bakr (first Caliph)
Shi’a Muslims elected Ali (first Imam)- thought it should follow the family line
12 Imams in total who was the son of the previous Imam

59
Q

Qur’an 33:40

Muhammad

A

‘He is God’s messenger and the seal of the prophets’

60
Q

Name the 5 holy books of Islam

A

Qur’an- holy book revealed to Muhammad by angel Jibril
Torah- 5 books revealed by God to Moses
Psalms- Holy book revealed to God by David
Gospel- A holy book revealed by God to Jesus
Scrolls of Abraham- A holy book revealed by God to Abraham

61
Q

What is the importance of the Qur’an to Muslims?

A

Word of God revealed to Muhammad
Foundation of every believers faith
Most sacred text
When the Qur’an is read, they believe God’s words are speaking directly to them

62
Q

Qur’an 2:2

Holy Books- Qur’an

A

‘This is the scripture in which their is no doubt, containing guidance for those who are mindful of God’

63
Q

What is the Qur’an?

A

Means ‘the Recital’
Has 114 chapters known as Surahs
Exact words from God which shows Muslims how to live their lives
Given by God to Angel Jibril who passed it to Muhammad
Encouraged to read in Arabic to not change its meaning

64
Q

What is the Torah?

A

Given to Moses
Mentioned 18 times in the Qur’an
First 5 Books in the Bible but has been changed over time

65
Q

What are the Psalms?

A

Revealed to David
Mentioned in three occasions in the Qur’an
Similar to Psalms in the bible

66
Q

What is the gospel?

A

Mentioned in the Qur’an
Refers to the book divinely revealed to Jesus
Gospel has been lost but some of its messages are still found in the bible

67
Q

What are the scrolls of Abraham?

A

Referred to in the Qur’an
Lost and no longer exists
One of the earliest scriptures in Islam

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