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Islam Beliefs and Teachings Flashcards

1
Q

Define Muslim

A

one who has submitted to the will of God and has accepted Islam

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2
Q

Define Islam

A

the name of the religion followed by muslims; to surrender to the will of God; peace

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3
Q

Define Allah

A

Arabic name for God

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4
Q

Define Tawhid

A

the Oneness and Unity of God

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5
Q

Define monotheistic

A

a religion that believes there is only one God

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6
Q

Define supremacy

A

supreme power or authority; a quality of God

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7
Q

Who was Muhammed?

A

the final messenger of God and the Qur’an

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8
Q

Main difference between Sunni and Shi’a

A

Sunni:
When Muhammad died, the majority of Muslims believed that only the Qur’an and Sunnah (Muhammad’s teachings and actions) had the authority to guide the beliefs and behaviour of Muslims. They elected Abu Bakr to be their leader (Caliph)

Shi’a:
.Believed that Muhammad had named his cousin Ali as his successor. Ali alongside his supporters thought the Imam had to be a descent of Muhammad and chosen by God

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9
Q

What are some impacts of the belief “Tawhid” on Muslims?

A

.Only God should be worshipped
.Respect Muhammed as a prophet but do not worship him (would be idolatry)
.Muslims must never make anything in there lives more important than God

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10
Q

What is an impact of the belief in “The Supremacy of God’s Will” for Muslims?

A

.Accept that even the bad things in life are ‘meant to be’. God’s plans are mysterious and cannot be fully known by humans.

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11
Q

Define Qur’an

A

the holy book revealed to Muhammad by the angel Jibril; God’s final revelation to the world

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12
Q

Define Sunnah

A

the teachings and deeds of Muhammad

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13
Q

Define Sunni

A

Muslims who believe in the successorship to Muhammad of Abu Bakr, Umar, Uthman and Ali

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14
Q

Define Shi’a

A

Muslims who believe in the Imamate, the successorship of Ali

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15
Q

What are the Six Articles of Faith in Sunni Islam?

A

.Angles
.Authority of the Holy books
.Day of Judgement
.The prophets of God
.The supremacy of God’s will
.Tawhid

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16
Q

What are the Five Roots of ‘Usal ad-Din’ in Shi’a Islam?

A

.Prophethood
.Imamate
.Resurrection
.The justice of God
.Tawhid

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17
Q

Define immanent

A

the idea that God is present and involved with life on earth and in the universe; a quality of God

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18
Q

Define transcendent

A

the idea that God is beyond and outside life on earth and the universe; a quality of God

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19
Q

Define omnipotent

A

almighty, having unlimited power; a quality of God

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20
Q

Define beneficient

A

benevolent, all-loving, all-good; a quality of God

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21
Q

Define merciful

A

the quality of God that shows compassion or forgiveness to humans, even though he has the power to punish them

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22
Q

Define fairness

A

the idea that God treats people fairly and impartially without favour or discrimination

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23
Q

Define justice

A

the idea that God is just and fair and judges human actions, rewarding the good and punishing the bad

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24
Q

Define angels

A

spiritual beings believed to act as messengers of God

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25
What is the Day of Judgement?
a time when the world will end and every soul will be judged by God, and either rewarded or punished
26
Who is Jibril?
the Arabic name for Gabriel, the archangel who brought God's message to the prophets, particularly Muhammed
27
Who is Mika'il?
the Arabic name for Michael, the archangel of mercy who rewards good deeds and provides nourishment to people
28
Name some characteristics of angels
.Pure and sinless .Have no free will so they cannot do anything to displease God .They ceaselessly praise and worship God
29
Which angel will blow a trumpet to announce the Day of Judgement?
Angel Israfil
30
Apart from delivering messages, what else do angels do?
.Recording in a 'book of deeds' .Take people's souls to God .Escort people into paradise .Guard the gates of hell
31
Define Predestination
the idea that God knows or determines everything that will happen in the universe
32
Explain the different ideas about predestination in Islam
.Some Sunni Muslims believe that God has already determined everything that will happen in the universe .Many Shi'a muslims believe that God knows everything that is going to happen, but this does not mean that he decides what is going to happen
33
Define Akhirah
everlasting life after death
34
Define Resurrection
rising from the dead or returning to life
35
Define Heaven
the state of eternal happiness in the presence of God; also called paradise
36
Define Hell
the state of total separation from God
37
What is Barzakh?
the state of the soul waiting for the Day of Judgement
38
What happens on the Day of Judgement?
.Angel Israfil will blow a trumpet to announce the world will be destroyed .The present world will be totally transformed into a new one .Blow the trumpet again resurrecting everyone who has lived and will be judged by God .If people are given the 'book of deeds' in their right hand they will go to heaven, if they receive it in their left hand they will go to hell .If believers show sorrow for their failing, God will forgive them .God sorts the souls by making them cross the narrow 'Sirat Bridge' that spans across the fires of hell. Good people are transported across the bridge and quickly enter heaven.
39
What is the importance of Muslims believing in life after death?
.Encourages human responsibility and accountability .Urges people to avoid sin and do the right thing .Satisfies a deep human need for justice
40
Define prophet
a person who proclaims the message of God
41
Define Risalah
the belief that the prophets are an important channel of communication between God and humans
42
Define Prophethood
when God makes someone a prophet to communicate his message to people
43
Define Iblis (Satan)
a spiritual being, created from fire, who was thrown out of paradise for refusing to bow to Adam
44
Who is Adam in Islam?
Believed that Adam was the first man on earth and the first prophet of Islam
45
Why did Iblis get thrown out of heaven ?
Iblis refused to bow down to Adam. His defiance resulted in him being thrown out of paradise and he vowed to tempt humans to sin against God.
46
Name the five most important prophets in Islam
.Ibrahim (Abraham) .Musa (Moses) .Isa (Jesus) .Muhammad .Adam
47
Define Ka'aba
the black, cube-shaped building in the centre of the Grand Mosque in Makkah (Mecca); the holiest place in Islam
48
Define Id-ul-Adha
a muslim festival that celebrates the prophet Ibrahim's willingness to sacrifice his son for God
49
Define Hajj
the annual pilgrimage to Makkah (Mecca) that every Muslim should try and make at least once in their life
50
How is Ibrahim presented in the Qur'an?
He is presented as a role model because of his obedience to God, his kindness and compassion, and his refusal to worship idols.
51
Describe what Ibrahim do to stop idol worship
.Destroyed all the idols in the temple except for the largest one, leaving the axe tied around its neck .When people returned they were angry and demanded to know what happened so he told them to ask the idol .He then exposed the idols inability to speak ,hear, see or defend themselves (he
52
How was Ibrahim punished for destroying the statues and how did he escape?
.People were furious and demanded Ibrahim to be burned alive An enormous fire was prepared but the fire only burned his chains (miracle) leaving him unscathed .As a result many people began to follow God and leave idol worship
53
What event does Id-ul-Adha remember?
Ibrahim had a dream in which God asked him to sacrifice his son to him. God did not take the boy although Ibrahim was willing to sacrifice him, showing his willingness to be obedient and a man of faith.
54
Define Caliph
a person considered to be a political and religious successor to the prophet Muhammad, and the leader of the Sunni Muslim community
55
Define Imam
1) a person who leads a communal prayer 2) in Shi'a Islam, the title given to Ali and his successors
56
Define the Imamate
the divine appointment of the Imams
57
Describe what happened in 610 ce that changed the life of Muhammad
On Mount Hira, Angel Jibril appeared to him with a message from God. This was his first of many revelations from God. Revelations continued for 20 yrs, combined together to from the Qur'an
58
What was Muhammad's early life like?
.Born around 570 ce in Makkah .Became an orphan at an early age and was brought up by his uncle Abu Talib .Became a merchant and gained a good reputation for honest dealing .At 25, he married his employer, a wealthy widow, named Khadijah
59
Define Torah
the five books revealed by God to Moses
60
Define Psalms
a holy book revealed by God to David
61
Define Gospel
a holy book revealed by God to Jesus
62
Define Scrolls of Abraham
a holy book revealed by God to Abraham
63
Who revealed the Qur'an to Muhammad and how long did it take?
The Qur'an was revealed to Muhammad by Angel Jibril over the course of 22 years
64
What does Hafiz mean?
Someone who is able to recite the whole Qur'an from memory
65
Why does the Qur'an have more authority than any other holy book in Islam?
It is believed to have only come from Allah
66
How many surahs (chapters) does the Qur'an contain? What order are they in?
.There are 114 surahs (chapters) in total .Longest chapters first and the shortest chapters last

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