Islam Beliefs Flashcards
Tawhid definition
‘Oneness’ in reference to God. the basic Muslim belief in the oneness of God.
Prophethood or ‘risalah’ definition
The term used of the messengers of God, beginning with Adam and ending with the Prophet Muhammed.
Halal (permitted) definition
Actions or things which are permitted within Islam, such as eating permitted foods.
Haram (forbidden)
Any actions or things which are forbidden within Islam, such as eating forbidden foods.
Jihad (greater and lesser)
Means ‘to strive’. There are two forms of jihad.
The greater jihad is the daily struggle and inner spiritual striving to live as a Muslim.
The lesser jihad is a physical struggle or ‘holy war’ in defence of Islam.
Mosque or ‘masjid’
A ‘place of procrastination’ for Muslims, it is a communal place of worship for a Muslim community.
Shari’ah (straight path)
A way of life; Muslims believe God has set out a clear path for how Muslims should live. Shari’ah law is the set of moral and religious rules that put the principles set out by the Qur’an and the Hadith into practice.
Ummah definition
Means community. Refers to the worldwide community of Muslims who share a common religious identity.
Three points on the Qur’an (quotes included)
“Guidance for the worlds” - guide to life.
Received by Muhammed over 23 years.
Three points on Hadith:
Muhammad’s sayings and records from life - Muslims example.
Sunni (90%) facts
- They believe only the Qur’an and the sunnah had authority.
- An elected leader called a ‘Caliph’ would enforce the law.
- Laws are worked out and accepted or rejected by the whole community.
- Prayers x5
Shia (10%) facts
- Believe Muhammed named Ali (his cousin) as his successor.
- Ali believed the true leader had to be chosen by God and could make new laws.
- This leader was called an Imam and had to be descendant of Muhammed.
- Prayers x3
Festivals Restraint quote
“he is not a Muslim if he goes to bed with a full stomach and the neighbour goes hungry.”
Id-Ul-Adha. What is it? How is it celebrated?
End of the Hajj Sacrifice/ head shaved New clothes Gifts Food prepared Day off festivals
Id-Ul-Fitr. When is it? How is it celebrated?
Starts after Ramadan Decorations Clothes 'Id Mubarak' cards Family Gifts Charity Afghanistan egg fights Pay Zakat
Ashura what does it celebrate how?
Day of sorrow and inspiration, remembers Moses fasting. Shia Islam celebrate the sunni + Shia split and the death of Husayn. Processions Grief Crying Dress in black Beat themselves Cut heads and bodies Donate blood.
Greater Jihad
five pillars devotion follow Muhammed Justice Rise above greed and selfishness. Encourage what is right. "If anyone slew a person... It is as if he slew the whole human race" 5:32
Lesser Jihad
Declared by Muslim Leaders
“Fight in the way of God”
9/11 Daesh
Condemned by muslim council of Great Britain
Zakat Charity: who gets it? How much? Quotes
2.5% of earning Widows, Orphans, poor. Muhammed gave Zakat Wealth is Gods. Money corrupts Muslim Aid Humans are Khalifas/ Stewards. "The one who looks after the widow and poor person is fighting God's cause" Hadith
Ramadan Fasting
9th months of the calendar 29/30 days Dawn till dusk Fast broken at mosque Suhur - meal before dawn. Commanded by the prophet No swearing Mercy for the poor Self control unites muslims
Shahadah the declaration of faith
"God witnesses that there is no God except God and Muhammed is the prophet of God" 3:18 "There is no God but God" Heard by new born baby Heard on death bed Monotheism one god Muslims say this to convert
Three famous people who converted to islam.
Mike Tyson
Muhammed Ali
Janet Jackson
What is the Hajj and who takes part?
Pilgrimmage to Makkah only if the pilgrim has enough money and healthy enough.
Why does Hajj happen at Makkah?
Abraham sacrificed son Ismail. Abraham overcame temptations from devil. Mina - stoning of pillars. Hajar searched for water discovered Zam Zam well. Muhammed was born.
