Islam - beliefs Flashcards
Tawhid
Belief in the oneness of Allah
Malaikah
Belief in Angels
Authority of Kutub
Belief in the Holy books
Nubuwwah
The Belief in the prophets
Who are the seven prophets in Islam?
• Adam
• Ibrahim (Abraham)
• Ismail (Ishmael)
• Musa (Moses)
• Dawud (David)
• Isa (Jesus)
• Muhammad
Al-Qadr
Belief that Allah knows everything
Akhirah
Belief in teachings about life after death
Importance of Six Beliefs
• Unite Sunni Muslims
• Better understanding of their religion
• Support them in how to live their lives
How do Muslims express the six beliefs?
• Read the Quran
• Recite the belief of the oneness of Allah in their prayers
• Live their lives with the awareness that Allah will judge them
Adl
Belief Allah is understood to be fair and just
Imamah
Belief Allah has placed Imams/leaders in places of authority to guide humanity
Mi’ad
Belief in the Day of Judgement and the Resurrection
Salah
Compulsory prayer 5 times a day
Sawm
Fasting during Ramadan
Zakah
Donating 2.5% of wealth to charity
Hajj
Pilgrimage to Makkah at least once
Khums
Shi’a obligatory act to pay 20% of income
Jihad
Struggle to overcome evil
Lesser Jihad
Outward struggle to defend Islam
Greater Jihad
Inner struggle to be a better Muslim
Amr-bil-Maroof
Command for Shi’a Muslims to do good
Tawalla
Expressing love and following examples of good people (prophets)
Who believe in the 10 Obligatory Acts of Islam?
Shi’a Muslims
Who believe in the Five Pillars of Islam?
Sunni Muslims
SOA to support ‘Oneness of Allah’
“There is not God but Allah and Muhammad is his Messenger
Five Pillars of Islam
- Declaration of faith
- Obligatory prayer (Salah)
- Compulsory giving
- Fasting in the month of Ramadan
- Pilgrimage to Mecca
Shahadah
Basic statement of Islamic faith which demonstrates a persons loyalty to Allah, Prophet Muhammad and the religion of Islam
Role of Shahadah
- Recited out loud
- Whispered into the ears of new born babies
- Recited throughout the day (reminder)
- Said before death to show commitment to religion
Wudu
Ritual done before prayer to ensure Muslims are physically and spiritually clean for Allah
Purpose of Salah (prayer)
Brings Muslims closer to Allah
History of Salah (prayer)
Prophets of Allah performed daily prayers and it is commanded by Prophet Muhammad
Nature of Salah (prayer)
Demonstrates unity
Importance of punishment
- should prevent more crimes
- give people chance to change their behaviour
- builds a peaceful society as Allah intended
Situation ethics in Islam and Punishment
Situation Ethics says that the offender may have a valid reason for committing the crime e.g. poverty. This should be taken into account when discussing the offenders punishment
Retribution
Offender is made to pay for the crime they did
Reform
Offender should be given opportunity to change
Deterrence
Severe punishments made to deter people from committing crimes again e.g. amputation of a hand
Protection
Society should be protected from criminals a
Qur’anic teachings on punishment
- Gives specific instructions to particular crimes
- Strict punishments are last resort
- Punishment establishes peace and justice on Earth as Allah intended
SOA for punishment
“Allah wants to make clear to you lawful from unlawful to guide you to good practises”
Muslim beliefs about treatment of criminals
- Human rights
- Fair trial
- Trial by jury
- Use of torture (situation ethics)
SOA for belief of about treatment of criminals
“And they give food… to the needy, orphan and the captive”
Capital Punishment
Execution - a prisoner’s life is taken away
Reasons fro Capital Punishment
- Crime will not be committed again by offender
- Acts as a deterrent for other criminals
- Makes victims of crime feel as though punishment has been given for severe crimes
- Gives prisoner chance to repent
Qur’an teachings on Capital Punishment
- Qur’an teaches on death being a punishment
- Shari’ah law agrees with Qur’an
- Muhammad made statements to agree with death penalty
- Muhammad also sentenced people to death
