Islam Flashcards
What were some characteristics of the Arabs
tribal They had camels trade Polytheistic Kaaba- the travel to Mecca to worship idols
What was Muhummad’s story growing up
He was orphaned, worshiped Allah, who had 3 daughters
Islam was all about submission
M was supposedly “visited” by Gabriel the archangel, who gave M the Quran and the Sadith
M was the last prophet
What happened in the Hijrah
M was rejected by Arabs in Mecca
He fled to Medina-City of prophet
He converted the Bedouin tribes and took 10000 troops and captured mekkah and destroyed all idols
Died 2 years later
“Satamic verses” Allahs 3 daughters as goddesses
What are the 5 pillars of Islam
- Belief-Allah is the one god and M is his prophet
- Prayer 5x a day facing mekkah
- Alms-charity give to the poor
- Fasting-Ramadan
- Pilgrimage- Haj to Mekkah
What was jihad
The holy war
If you died in battle, you go straight to heaven
Who took over after M and what did he do
Abu-Bakr (father in law)
Caliph
Arab Muslims- Persia, Asia Minor, North Africa
What was the Umayyad dynasty
Led by Ali (son in law)
Damascus
What was the division in 680
Shites- descendants of M}
Sunni-majority } Violent-hatred
When was the Abbasid dynasty
750
What was the Abbasid dynasty
Non-Arabs in Baghdad “golden age”
Lots of education and learning and translating
Who were the Seljuk Turks
Turkish nomadic warriors-mercenaries
Took over Islam
Set up a sultan
At Manzkriet they defeated the Byzantines- eastern Romans
What was the Muslims relationship with Christianity
Called Christians and Jews “people of the book”
Made them pay taxes
They thought we were polytheistic-trinity
No relationship with Allah
Salvation of works
Thought Jesus was a prophet- was not crucified (empty tomb)
Illusion- God deliberately deceived
What is the Arab world’s geography
Desert, oasis(which made them nomadic)
