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Islam Flashcards

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1
Q

what are the two types of Islam?

A

Sunni
Shi’a

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2
Q

what are the six articles of faith in Sunni Islam?

A

1) tawhid - the belief that all is the one and only god
2) Malaikah - belief in angels
3) belief in holy books
4) Nubuwwah -belief in Allah’s prophets
5) belief in the day of judgement
6) Al-Qadr- predestination, belief that Allah knows and decides everything that is going to happen

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3
Q

what are the 5 articles of faith in shi’a islam?

A

1) tawhid - belief that Allah is the one and only god
2) Adalat- belief in the divine justice
3) nubuwwah- belief in prophethood
4) imamah- belief in the authority of imams
5)ma ‘ad- belief in the day of resurrection

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4
Q

quotes that show that tawhid is the centre of islam:

A

“He is Allah [who is]one” -Qur’an 112:1
“Let the first thing to which you will invite them, be the tauhid [tawhid] of Allah”.

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5
Q

how many names did Allah have? and what are some quotes to show these characteristics?

A

99 names
“The entirely merciful, the especially merciful” - Qur’an 1:1
“We are closer to him than [ his] jugular vein” - Qur’an 50:16

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6
Q

what are Allah’s characteristics?

A

merciful
omnipotent
benevolent
just
immanent- present and involved in the world.
transcendent - above everything

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7
Q

why do Muslims believe that prophets were taught the same ideas?

A

they all believe in one god
they are seen as equal as it says in the Qur’an 2:136 “we make no distinction between any of them”.

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8
Q

why do Muslims believe that prophets were taught the same ideas?

A

they all believe in one god
they are seen as equal as it says in the Qur’an 2:136 “we make no distinction between any of them”.

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9
Q

why is Adam important?

A

he was the first prophet, and the first man created by Allah in his image.
Adam was sent to earth. he ate the forbidden fruit. Allah forgave him of this sin. he is considered to be the first Muslim and believe he built the ka ‘aba.

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10
Q

why is Ibrahim(prophet) important?

A

he rejected the idea of many different gods and was a holy man.
he proved his faith by willing to sacrifice his own son, Ismail

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11
Q

why is ismail important?

A

was a prophet who helped build the ka ‘aba
its believed that Muhammed descended from him.

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12
Q

why is Musa important?

A

only prophet which Allah spoke to directly.
he’s important because he guided people to believe in one god.

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13
Q

why was Isa important?

A

Allah sent isa when people had strayed from Musa’s teachings, after 3 years Allah brought him up to heaven.

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14
Q

why is Muhammed the most important prophet?

A

Jibril was sent by Allah to Muhammed with messages of:
how to live their lives
to worship one God (Allah)
people will be judged on their behaviour.

this formed the Qur’an. known as “seal of prophets” -the last prophet so Muslims pay close attention to him, viewed as a role model

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15
Q

why is the Qur’an seen as the most important holy book?

A

Muslims believe it’s an accurate record of Allah’s words to Muhammed. it allows Muslims to understand him so they can lead their lives to please him. so, they’ll rewarded in spending eternity in Jannah with him

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16
Q

a quote to show that the Qur’an is the direct word of Allah

A

“He revealed to his servant what he revealed. the heart did not lie [about] what it saw” Qur’an 53:10-11

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17
Q

why is the torah significant to Muslims?

A

the book given to Musa its the Jewish holy book
the Qur’an says it contains the “judgment of Allah” so its valued by Muslims
“we sent down the torah in which was the guidance and light” Qur’an 5:44

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18
Q

whyis the hadith siginficant?

A

reports of Muhammed words/ actions, recorded by his followers

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19
Q

why is the Sunnah significant?

A

the sunnah sets out muhammeds way of life

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20
Q

the importance of the hadith and the sunnah together?

A

they give valuable advice in addition to the Qur’an especially on issues concerning daily life

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21
Q

what are the purposes of angels?

A

To follow Allahs orders and communicate with humans
They praise Allah and guard his throne
They welcome humans into paradise
Record peoples good and bad deeds

22
Q

quotes to show the purpose of angels

A

“they exalt [him] night and day [and] do not slacken” Qur’an 21:20
“our messengers are with them recording” Qur’an 43:80 - to influence Muslims to act morally.

23
Q

what are some characteristics of angels?

A

genderless
made of light
have wings
immortal
dont have freewill
incapable of sin

24
Q

why is angel Jibril important to Muslims?

A

he’s known as the angel of revelations as he revealed the Qur’an to Muhammad.
“has brought the Qur’an down upon your heart, by permission of Allah” Qur’an 2:97
he told Maryam she was pregnant with Isa

25
Q

why is Mika ‘il important?

A

he asked Allah to forgive peoples sins

26
Q

why is Izrail important?

A

is the angel of death, he takes souls from people when they die

27
Q

what is Al-qadr?

A

the idea that Allah has decided everything that will happen
this is shown when Muhammed said “does not bring about…anything [Allah] has not decreed” - humans cant choose something that Allah hasn’t chosen for them

28
Q

Sunnis belief on al-qadr?

A

humans choose their actions btu Allah has made it impossible that they’ll choose anything other that what he has decided

29
Q

Shi’a belief on al-Qadr?

A

peoples lives are determined by their choices

30
Q

what si Yawm ad-Din?

A

its the day of judgement where Allah will judge everyone.
everyone will receive a record of their good and bad deeds, on which they’ll be judged “ we will call froth every people with the record [of deeds]” Qur’an
it encourages Muslims to live their lives in a good way

31
Q

what is Al-Akirah?

A

the afterlife. the afterlife is where people go to after the day of judgement

32
Q

what is the reward in the afterlife if you are good?

A

will be entry into Jannah (paradise) - place of peace, happiness & beauty. the Qur’an refers to it as the “gardens of pleasure” 31:8
“… for one whose scales are heavy [with good deeds], he will be in a pleasant life” Qur’an 101:6-9

33
Q

what is the reward in the afterlife if you are good?

A

will be entry into Jannah (paradise) - place of peace, happiness & beauty. the Qur’an refers to it as the “gardens of pleasure” 31:8
“… for one whose scales are heavy [with good deeds], he will be in a pleasant life” Qur’an 101:6-9

34
Q

what is the reward in the afterlife if you are bad?

A

Jahannam (hell). the Qur’an describes it as being a place of scorching fire & boiling water
“…for one whose scales are light, his refuge will be an abyss” Qur’an 101:6-9
however Allah is merciful so they may eventually be sent to Jannah

35
Q

what are the five pillars of Islam that Sunni Muslims are required to follow?

A
  1. Shahadah- declaration of faith
  2. Salah -prayer five items a day
  3. Zakah-charitable giving
  4. sawm - obligation to fast during Ramadan
  5. hajj-pilgrimage to Mecca
36
Q

what are the 10 obligatory acts that Shi’a Muslims are obliged to follow?

A

salah (only times a day), sawm, zakah, hajj
khums- annual tax
jihad - “struggle”
amr-bil-maroof &Nahi Anil Munkar - encouraging good deeds and avoiding bad ones
tawalla & tabarra - should love those who follow Allah and should associate themselves with those who are an enemy of Allah

37
Q

why is Salah very important to Muslims?

A

keeps Muslims in close contact with Allah and encourages moral and spiritual discipline.
“… prayer prohibits immorality and wrongdoing, and the remembrance Allah is greater” Qur’an
Men are obliged to go to Friday prayers (Jummah) at the mosque.

38
Q

what are some rituals to follow Salah?

A

wudu- washing before prayer.
face mecca when praying
rak’ah -a prayer ritual, standing kneeling, putting your forehead on the ground.

39
Q

what is zakah?

A

charitable giving. the amount given is 2.5% of a persons wealth each year
“zakah is for bringing hearts together” its for the “poor and .. needy”

40
Q

what is Sawm?
what does it involve doing?

A

fasting through Ramadan. it involves abstaining from music, sex and smoking.
Ramadan is a time of both physical/moral self-discipline. it shows obedience to Allah. this helps Muslims understand hunger, which makes them more willing to help others.
“that you may become righteous” Qur’an

41
Q

what does jihad mean? what are the two kinds of Jihad?

A

means striving or struggle
the two types are lesser jihad and greater jihad

42
Q

what is greater jihad?

A

is every Muslim struggle to obey Allah, follow his teachings and become a better Muslim
Its the greater struggle because its individual and personal
“no bearer of burdens will bear the burden of another” Qur’an - you will be held responsible.

43
Q

what is lesser jihad?

A

the struggle to make the world a better place. part of this struggle is fighting against poverty & injustice and defending Islam
“if they cease, then there is to be no aggression except against the oppressors”

44
Q

why is hajj important to Muslims?

A

the Kaaba in mecca is a holy site, many find that hajj helps their faith & increases unity.
in the hadith it says “he will return [after Hajj free from all sins] as if he were born anew” - purified

45
Q

what is Id ul-Adha? why is it important?

A

festival celebrating obedience to Allah. it commemorates when Ibrahim nearly sacrificed his own son.
its important as it forms part of hajj
“i have seen in a dream that i [must] sacrifice you…” Quran

46
Q

what do Muslims do to celebrate id al-Adha (lasts 4 days)?

A

Attend mosques - service includes communal prayer & sermons.
Animal is sacrificed- its divided into three for the family, neighbours and the poor
Muslims dress up in their best clothes
Presents are often exchanged.

47
Q

what do Muslims do to celebrate id al-Adha (lasts 4 days)?

A

Attend mosques - the service includes communal prayer and sermons.
Animal is sacrificed- its divided into three for the family, neighbours and the poor
Muslims dress up in their best clothes
Presents are often exchanged.

48
Q

what is Id ul-Fitr? why is it important?

A

the end of Ramadan. a day of thanksgiving to Allah all for giving Muslims the strength to fast. it celebrates that Muslims completed Sawm and have come closer to Allah

49
Q

how do Muslims celebrate id ul-fitr?

A

pay a special zakah -around £5
service with prayers and sermons
have a meal to break the fast
presents are exchanged
people wear their best clothes

50
Q

what is Ashura? why is it important?

A

mostly a Shi’a festival, it was the day Husayn was killed in battle. the 10 days leading up to ashura are a period of mourning
Sunni Muslims see it as a day of atonement.

51
Q

how do shi’a Muslims celebrate Ashura?

A

wear black - as a sign of mourning
public processions
passion plays
poems and stories are read out of Husayn
hurt themselves- to commemorate Husayn suffering

52
Q

how do Sunni Muslims celebrate Ashura?

A

may fast but its not compulsory

Religious studies (4 decks)

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