Islam Flashcards
Allah
the concept of belief in one god
Muhammed
founder of Islam, believed to be the last and final prophet of God
Islam
submission to the will of Allah, a monotheistic religion that developed in Arabia
Muslim
a follower of Islam
Hijrah
Muhammad’s migration from Mecca to Yathrib
Qur’an
the holy book of the Muslims
Five Pillars
basic beliefs of Islam - faith, prayer, alms, fasting, and pilgrimage
Mosque
Islamic house of worship
Hajj
pilgrimage to Mecca
Sunna
Muhammed’s example of proper living
Shari’a
Muslim’s body of law, unified Islamic empire religiously
Caliph
leader of Islam and successor to the prophet, Abu-Bakr became the first when Muhammed died
Umayyads
family that came to power and set up a hereditary system of succession, dynastic rulers of Islam after Ali
Shi’a
caliph should be related to Mohammed through last caliph Ali
Sunni
caliph did not have to be descendant of Mohammed, followers of Muhammed’s example
Sufi
pursued a life of poverty and devotion to a spiritual path, Islamic mystics that rejected all secular (political) matters in Islamic world to focus on religion
Abbasids
most powerful group that took control of the empire
Al-Andulus
an extraordinary Muslim state in southern Spain, Umayyads would remain in Spain
Fatmid Dynasty
began in North Africa and spread across the red sea to western Arabia and Syria
House of Wisdom
combination library, academy, and translation center in Baghdad opened by Caliph al-Ma’mun
Calligraphy
the art of beautiful handwriting
Mecca
Islam’s holiest city
Hadith
recorded Mohammed’s life example
Jizya
tax collected from non-muslims
