ISIT219 - Knowledge and Information Engineering Flashcards
What is knowledge engineering?
The process of developing knowledge-based systems in any field.
Define knowledge in the context of knowledge engineering.
The explicit functional associations between items of information and/or data.
What is data interpretation in knowledge engineering?
Associating data with labels to give it meaning, as in interpreting lab test results.
Define data in knowledge engineering.
Collected facts and figures.
Define information in knowledge engineering.
Comes from analyzing data.
What is the role of knowledge in decision making?
Knowledge is used for decision making.
What are typical data sources for business analytics?
Annual reports, accounting audits, financial analysis, economic trends, marketing research, operations management, and HR measurements.
What is knowledge acquisition?
Obtaining knowledge from various sources.
What is knowledge validation?
Knowledge checked using test cases for adequate quality.
What is knowledge representation?
Producing a map of knowledge then encoding it into the knowledge base.
What is inferencing in knowledge engineering?
Forming links in the knowledge in software so the system can make decisions or give advice.
What is involved in explanation and justification in knowledge engineering?
Designing additional program features to answer user questions and show how conclusions were made.
What are the sources of knowledge?
Documented (written or viewed), undocumented (memory), and acquired from humans or machines.
What is declarative knowledge?
Facts about things.
What is procedural knowledge?
Alternative actions based on using facts to obtain knowledge.
What is meta-knowledge?
Knowledge about knowledge.
What qualities are important for knowledge engineers?
Empathy, patience, broad understanding capabilities, ability to integrate knowledge from various sources, and build knowledge bases.
What professional standards should knowledge engineers follow?
Adhere to a professional code of conduct, update skills regularly, and comply with rules and regulations.
What are the skills required for knowledge acquisition?
Identifying and gathering relevant knowledge from various sources.
How is knowledge validated in knowledge engineering?
By using test cases to ensure the quality and relevance of the knowledge.
What is the importance of knowledge representation?
It involves mapping and encoding knowledge into a usable format for knowledge-based systems.
What is the role of inferencing in knowledge-based systems?
Creating logical connections within the knowledge to facilitate decision-making or advice.
How do knowledge engineers ensure explanation and justification?
By designing systems that can explain their reasoning and justify conclusions based on the encoded knowledge.
What types of knowledge are crucial in knowledge engineering?
Declarative, procedural, and meta-knowledge are all crucial types.
What are the key responsibilities of a knowledge engineer?
Acquiring, validating, representing, and inferring knowledge, and ensuring explanation and justification in knowledge-based systems.
What is Knowledge Engineering
Process of developing knowledge based systems in any field
What is the issue with just numbers like;
12345
7.42
43
25
The numbers have no meaning they are just symbols – we need to associate them with labels
What is Knowledge
The explicitly functional associations between items of information and/or data
Where to find Data for Business Analytics
- Annual reports
- Accounting audits
- Financial profitability analysis
- Economic trends
- Marketing research
- Operations management performance
- Human resource measurements
What is Knowledge Acquisition
Obtaining knowledge from various sources
What are the meanings of
- Data
- Information
- Knowledge
Data: Collected facts and figures
Information: Comes from analysing data
Knowledge: Decision making
What is Knowledge Representation
Producing a map of knowledge then encoding this knowledge into the knowledge base
What is Knowledge Validation
Knowledge checked using test cases for adequate quality
What is Explanation and Justification
Additional computer program design, to help the computer answer questions posted by the user and also to show how a conclusion was made using knowledge in the knowledge base
What is Inferencing
Forming links (inferences) in the knowledge in the computer software so that the KBS can make a decision or provide advice to the user
What are the three types of sources and provide examples
- Documented
- Written, viewed, sensory, behaviour - Undocumented
- Memory - Acquired from
- Machines
- Humans
What are the three Types of Knowledge and what do they mean
Declarative knowledge
- Facts about things
Procedural knowledge
- Alternative actions based on the use of facts to obtain knowledge
Meta-knowledge
- Knowledge about knowledge
What are Qualities of Knowledge Engineers
Professions to who elicit knowledge from experts
- Empathetic, patient
- Broad range of understanding, capabilities
Integrate knowledge from various sources
- Creates and edits code
- Operates tools
Build knowledge base
- Validates information
- Trains users
What is Knowledge representation
Being able to understand the information being provided by expert and record in some appropriate manner
What is Human skills
Interviewing skill including how to acquire knowledge from an expert in a friendly and helpful manner
What is Fact finding
Using tools such as interviews, questionnaires and observations to obtain knowledge from an expert
What is Visualisation skills
Being able to visualise the overall design of the system, prior to committing the ideas to paper
What is Analysis
Working through data and information to find the most appropriate method of representing it, and identifying links within the data and information
What is Creativity
Using new ideas or methods of representing data within structure of the KBS
What is Managerial
Having good time management and delegation skills to help ensure that the data is recorded on time and within budget
