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Cardio > Ischemic heart disease pharmacology > Flashcards

Ischemic heart disease pharmacology Flashcards

1
Q
A
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2
Q

General vasodilator, greater effect on venous circulation

A

Nitroglycerin

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3
Q

What is the MOA of Nigroglycerin?

A

Increases venous capacitance (decreases preload) Small deception in systemic arterial BP (decreases afterload) Coronary dilator

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4
Q

Nitrate, 25% orally bioavailable, longer DOA (4-6 hours)

A

Isosorbide Dinitrate

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5
Q

Nitrate, No 1st pass metabolism, 1/2 life 5 hours

A

Isosorbide Mononitrate

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6
Q

Can a tolerance be built up to Nitrates?

A

Yes - if uses for more than a few hours. But it reverses rapidly (24 hours). Limits effectiveness of slow release forms.

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7
Q

Antagonize voltage-gated Ca2+ channels

A

Ca2+ Channel Blockers

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8
Q

What are the two classes of Ca2+ channel blockers?

A

Dihydropyridines: Nefedipine, Amlodipine Non-Dihydropyridines: Verapamil, Diltiazem

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9
Q

What is the MOA of Dihydropyridines?

A

Potent vasodilators Decrease O2 demand (decrease after load) Increase O2 by coronary vasodilation Relief for vasospasm –> Prinzmetal angina

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10
Q

What is the MOA of non-Dihydropyridines?

A

Vasodilators Relieve ischemia by decreasing O2 demand by decreasing the force of contraction and HR

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11
Q

What are some side effects of Ca2+ channel blockers?

A

Headache Flushing Decrease contractility (V/D) Bradycardia (V/D) Edema (N/D) Constipation(V)

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12
Q

Anti-anginal by decreasing O2 demand through decreasing the force and HR d/t blockade of endogenous catecholamines.

A

B-Adrenergic Receptor Blockers

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13
Q

Selective B-blockers

A

Atenolol Metoprolol

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14
Q

Non-selective B-blockers

A

Propranolol Timolol

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15
Q

What is the MOA of B-blockers?

A

Slowing the HR increases BF to ischemic areas by increasing the time in diastole

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16
Q

What are some side effects of B-blockers?

A

Avoid in patents with obstructive airway disease Not to be used in patients with acutely decompensated heart failure, bradycardia and heart block Use caution in diabetes with insulin Fatigue Sexual dysfunction

17
Q

Decreases the frequency of anginal episodes and increase exercise capacity Possibly works by inhibiting I(Na) in cardiac myocytes

A

Ranolazine

18
Q

When do you use ACE inhibitors?

A

After MI to decrease mortality, especially if LV ejection fraction is low

Cardio (7 decks)

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