Ischaemic Heart Disease Flashcards
what is ischaemic heart disease
narrowing of arteries- same as coronary heart disease
can IHD cause sudden death
yes but not common
what percentage of IHD deaths common
50% (rare as not many deaths from IHD)
what does a family history of CHD put diagnosed patients at greater risk of
ventricular fibrillation
what types of plaque causes transient ischemia
unstable plaque
what causes an acute MI
and acute occusion
what does a chronic closure of an artery cause
scar formation
how does scar formation affect the electrical conductivity of the heart
can cause ventricle fibrillation as potentially allows re-entrance circuit (as signals circle the scar)
when can a clot cause VF
when affecting electrically sensitive area of the heart
how does disordered cardiac muscle fibres affect treatment of fibrillation and cardiomyopathy
harder to treat
defibrillation less effective
what is cardiogenic shock
Inadequate systemic perfusion as a result of cardiac dysfunction
what circulatory effects does an MI cause
build up of pressure in heart and lungs- oedema and systemic inflammation response
what is the key thing to treat in an MI
ischaemia
how is angina diagnosed
visceral, dull, pain from myocardial hypoxia
gestures (tight fist over/holding chest)
characteristic patterns of
provocation, relief (rest), timing (1-2 mins)
risk factors
describe the pain of angina
Pressing, squeezing, heaviness, a weight,
Radiating to arm(s), back, neck, jaw, teeth
what can provoke angina
Exertion, stress, cold wind, after meals
what other than rest can relieve angina
GTN spray
what are the differential diagnosis of chest pain
GI tract (reflux, prptic ulcer, oesophageal spasm, biliary colic)
musculoskeletal (injury, nerve root pain)
pericarditis
pleuritic pain