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Gen Bio 2nd Grading > Isahon Nalang Nako Ni > Flashcards

Isahon Nalang Nako Ni Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Enzyme na RNA made and not made of proteins

A

Ribozymes

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2
Q

Building up

A

Anabolic

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3
Q

Catabolic

A

Breaking down

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4
Q

Biological catalyst that speeds up reactions

A

Enzymes

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5
Q

Substrates are…

A

Enzyme binder that helps with chemical reactions. It should be the same w it’s enzyme

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6
Q

Where your enzyme and substrate combines

A

Active site

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7
Q

Not protein materials, but helps in the sitting of the enzyme in the active site

A

Coenzymes

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8
Q

What method does enzymes and active site use?

A

Lock and key

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9
Q

Example of enzyme catalyzing

A

Catalase breaking down hydrogen peroxide to water and oxygen

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10
Q

Types of enzymes

A

•oxireductases
•transferases
•lyases/synthases
•isomerases
•ligases
•hydrolases

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11
Q

Why is DNA semi-conservative?

A

50/50 of old and new helix

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12
Q

Helps of passing through of electrons and redox reactions

A

Oxireductases

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13
Q

Describe transferases

A

The transfer of one functional muscle or molecule group to the other.

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14
Q

Same with transferase but the acceptor is water

A

Hydrolases

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15
Q

What lyases or synthases do?

A

Divides molecule and make it into new products. Breaking down of larger functional group to small.

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16
Q

Transfer of one functional group to the same molecule.it doe not alters its composition, but the formula does not change

A

Isomerase

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17
Q

What does ligases do?

A

Act as glue to seal molecules

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18
Q

Factors that affect enzyme activity

A
  1. Temperature
  2. pH level
  3. Concentration of enzyme
  4. Concentration of substrate
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19
Q

What is the suitable temperature of an enzyme, and what is its optimum rate?

A

5°c and 40°c

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20
Q

What happens if the enzymes are in high temperature?

A

deteriorates

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21
Q

What are the ranges of pH levels?

A

0-14

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22
Q

TRUE OR FALSE: Enzymes have the same optimum pH levels?

A

False, enzymes have different optimum pH levels

23
Q

Low pH:

A

High hydrogen composition (acidic)

24
Q

High pH:

A

Low Hydrogen composition (basic/alkaline)

25
Q

pH levels always must be ______

A

Balanced

26
Q

Increasing enzyme concentration:

A

Increasing reaction rate

27
Q

Concentration of substrate is a limiting factor. As concentration increases:

A

The enzyme reaction rate increases

28
Q

What happens if the substrate concentration is high?

A

The enzyme comes saturated, and higher concentration of substrate does not increase reaction rate

29
Q

What is Denaturation? What happens if an enzyme denatured and what to do about it?

A

-The breaking up of protein, modifying its structure.
-It becomes useless
-It needs to be renatured

30
Q

Pepsin

A

Loc: Stomach
Substrate: Peptide Bonds
Opt pH: 2

31
Q

Urease

A

Loc: liver
Substrate: urea
Opt pH: 5

32
Q

Sucrase

A

Loc:small intestine
Substrate: sucrose
Opt pH: 6.2

33
Q

Pancreatic amylase

A

Loc: pancreas
Substrate: amylase
Opt pH: 7

34
Q

Trypsin

A

Loc: small intestine
Substrate: Peptide Bonds
Opt pH: 8

35
Q

Arginase

A

Loc: Liver
Substrate: Arginine
Opt pH: 9.7

36
Q

Term called for the green pigment of plants

A

Chlorophyll

37
Q

What is a chloroplast?

A

A place where the chlorophyll resides

38
Q

What does chlorophyll do?

A

Absorbs light energy to synthesize CO2 and water to create glucose and oxygen

39
Q

The food making process by plants and other food making organisms

A

Photosynthesis

40
Q

Who are the principle pigments

A

Cholophyll a
Bacteriochlorophyll

41
Q

Accessory pigments

A

Chlorophyll b
Chlorophyll c
Chlorophyll d
Carotene
Xantophyll
Phycoerethrin
Phycocyanin

42
Q

Carotenoids:

A

Carotene
Xantophyll

43
Q

Phycobilins

A

Phycoerethrin
Phycocyanin

44
Q

Phycocyanin

A

A: orange-red
R: blue

Found in: red algae and cyanobacteria

45
Q

Phycoerethrin

A

A: dim & blue
R: red

Found in: red algae and cyanobacteria

46
Q

Xantophyll

A

A: blue - violet
R: brown - yellow

Found in: all plants

47
Q

Carotene

A

A: blue-violet
R: red-orange

Found in: all plants

48
Q

Chlorophyll c & d

A

A: red-blue
R: yellow-green

Found in: plants, multicelled algae and single celled algae (diatoms)

49
Q

Chlorophyll b

A

A: blue-orange
R: yellow-green

Found in: plants, multicelled algae and single celled algae (diatoms)

50
Q

Bacteriochlorphyll

A

A: red-violet
R: reddish-purple

Found in: phototrophic bacteria

51
Q

Chlorophyll a

A

A: blue-violet and red
R: green

Found in: all plants

52
Q

What are biological pigments?

A

Materials produced by living things that have a color w/h results from selective color absorption.

53
Q

These are molecules that trap or absorb light from any source of visible light

A

Photoreceptors

Gen Bio 2nd Grading (1 decks)

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