Is Flashcards
Functions of integumentary system
Protect the body, maintain homeostasis, provide sensory information from external environment
The three regions of the skin
Epidermis, dermis, subcutaneous layer
Layer composed of keratin and stratified squamous epithelium tissue
Epidermis
What toughens and waterproofs skin?
Keratin which is made of keratinocytes
What kind of cells are in the epidermis?
Keratinocytes, merkel, langerhans cells, and melanocytes
How many skin layers does the epidermis have?
Four unless it’s the palms or soles of the feet which have five
Make the five layers from superficial to deep
Corneum, lucidum, granulosum, sphinosum, basale
Epidermal cells are found deep in the stratum ——-
Basal
The stratum corneum has a waterproof layer because
Epidermal cells full of keratin die and make up the stratum corneum
What layer of the skin is made of tough connective tissue?
Dermis
The epidermis and dermis are connected by ———-
Collagen fibers
Layer of skin with nerve endings and blood vessels
Dermis
Two major regions of the dermis
Papillary region and reticular region
Layer of skin associated with touch, pain, heat, and cold
Dermis
Where are hair follicles and glands found
Dermal layer
Age effects on skin
Fewer elastic fibers as the body ages, reduction in cell division, blood circulation, muscle strength that cause less elastic and thinner dermis
Glands found primarily in the armpits and groin
Apocrine
Produce sweat when the body is anxious or experiencing stress
Apocrine sweat gland
Found all over the body, primarily on forehead, neck, palms, and soles of feet
Eccrine sweat gland
Sebaceous glands produce —– and are typically attached to——?
Oil, hair follicles
This has antimicrobial properties which hell the skin fight off infections
Sebum
The —— and the —— contain the most sebum but are not found at all in which two parts of the body?
Face and head
Palms and soles of feet
What structure produces sebum?
Sebaceous glands
What three functions does sebaceous oils have?
Make skin waterproof
Prevent from drying out
Have antimicrobial properties
Accessory organs of the integumentary system are
Hair and nails
Fingernails and toes nails are made of
Keratin
Hard outer part of the nail
Nail plate
Overhangs the finger tip
Free edge
Layer of skin found under the nail plate
Nail bed
The nail bed is comprised of
Epidermal cells
The white space between the nail bed and cuticle is called the
Lunula
Layer of tissue that contains blood vessels and nerves which is beneath the cuticle
Matrix
The hair —– is not attached to the follicle
Shaft
Part of hair exposed to the surface of the body
Hair shaft
Part of hair that contains actively dividing basal cells
Hair bulb
Strongest risk factor of skin cancer
Exposure to ultraviolet radiation
Uv radiation damages
DNA in the bodys cells
Tumors in skin that move away from the original site of DNA damage and establish new tumors in other organs is called
Metastasis
Two types of UV rays are
UVA and UVB
Rays that penetrate the dermis and can cause skin cancer
UVA
Rays that are responsible for sunburn and most skin cancers
UVB
Most common skin cancer
Basal cell carcinoma which effects the basal cells and rarely spreads
Second most common skin cancer and can metastasize if not removed
Squamous cell carcinoma effects the keratinocytes of the stratum spinosum
Uncontrolled growth of melanocytes in the epidermis
Malignant melanoma
Deeper dermal layer that provides elasticity to the skin
Reticular region
