irrigation

Question 1

irrig. method that trench dug along crops and filled with water

Answer 1

furrow irrigation

Question 2

easy and inexpensive, water seeps into soil slowly

Answer 2

furrow irrigation

Question 3

furrow irrigation: ____% efficiency
____% lost to _____

Answer 3

~66% efficient, 33% lost to runoff and evaporation

Question 4

irrig method that floods entire field

Answer 4

flood irrigation

Question 5

flood irrigation: easier but ___?

Answer 5

more disruptive to plants

Question 6

flood irrigation: can _____ and ____?

Answer 6

can waterlog the soil and drown plants

Question 7

flood irrigation: ___% efficient and ___%runoff

Answer 7

80% efficient and 20% runoff

Question 8

most efficient irrigation method but also most costly

Answer 8

drip irrigation

Question 9

drip irrigation: over ___% efficient

Answer 9

over 95% efficient

Question 10

holes in hose allow water to slowly drip out

Answer 10

drip irrigation

Question 11

pros of drip irrigation?

Answer 11

avoids waterlogging and conserves water

Question 12

ground or surface water pumped to spray nozzles; irrigation method

Answer 12

spray irrigation

Question 13

spray irrigation; more ____ but more ____

Answer 13

more efficient (less water loss) but
more expensive (requires energy for pumps)

Question 14

solution to waterlogging?

Answer 14

drip irrigation, soil aeration

Question 15

process of sait building up in a soil over time

Answer 15

soil salinization

Question 16

soil salinization is bad because?

Answer 16

as water evaporates and salt is left behind soil, it can reach toxic levels, dehydrating plant roots

Question 17

how to solve soil salinization

Answer 17

drip irrigation, soil aeration, switch to freshwater source

Question 18

H2O stored in pore spaces of permeable rock

Answer 18

groundwater

Question 19

water percentage of industrial

Answer 19

19%

Question 20

water percentage of agricultural

Answer 20

70%

Question 21

water percentage of municipal

Answer 21

11%

Question 22

useable groundwater deposits for humans

Answer 22

aquifer

Question 23

how are aquifers replenished?

Answer 23

by groundwater recharge

Question 24

_____ aquifers recharge quickly

Answer 24

unconfined

Question 25

___ aquifers recharge are longer-term water deposits that recharge more slowly

Answer 25

confined

Question 26

excessive pumping near coast lowers water table pressure, allowing saltwater to seep into groundwater

Answer 26

saltwater intrusion

Question 27

forms when water table is lowered by excessive pumping, depleting water & drying nearby wells

Answer 27

cone of depression