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German > Irregular Verbs > Flashcards

Irregular Verbs Flashcards

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German Verbs flashcards
1
Q

befehlen

bəˈfeːlən

A 
to command
Vowel change: befielh
Preterite: befahl // befähle/beföhle
Past participle: befohlen
Auxiliary: haben
- Note: "fehlen" is a regular verb.
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2
Q

beginnen

bəˈɡɪnən

A

to begin
Preterite: begann // begänne/begönne
Past participle: begonnen
Auxiliary: haben

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3
Q

beißen

ˈbaisn

A

to bite
Preterite: biss
Past participle: gebissen
Auxiliary: haben

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4
Q

bergen

ˈbɛrɡn

A 
to save, rescue, recover (eg corpse), salvage
Vowel change: birg
Preterite: barg
Past participle: geborgen
Auxiliary: haben
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5
Q

bersten

ˈbɛrstn

A 
Formal: to crack, break, burst
Vowel change: birst^^
Preterite: barst
Past participle: geborsten
Auxiliary: sein
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6
Q

bewegen

bəˈveːɡn

A 
to induce (sb to do sth), persuade 
Preterite: bewog
Past participle: bewogen
Auxiliary: haben
- Also a regular verb meaning "move".
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7
Q

biegen

ˈbiːɡn

A 
to bend; turn, curve
Preterite: bog
Past participle: gebogen
Auxiliary: haben or sein
- Takes "sein" when used to mean "turn, curve", takes "haben" with other meanings.
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8
Q

bieten

ˈbiːtn

A 
to offer, bid
Preterite: bot
Past participle: geboten
Auxiliary: haben
Prepositions: auf = bid on/for (acc.)
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9
Q

binden

ˈbɪndn

A

to tie, bind
Preterite: band
Past participle: gebunden
Auxiliary: haben

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10
Q

bitten

ˈbɪtn

A

to request, beg
Preterite: bat
Past participle: gebeten
Auxiliary: haben

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11
Q

blasen

ˈblaːzn

A 
to blow
Umlaut change: bläs
Preterite: blies
Past participle: geblasen
Auxiliary: haben
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12
Q

bleiben

ˈblaibn

A

to stay, remain
Preterite: blieb
Past participle: geblieben
Auxiliary: sein

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13
Q

braten

ˈbraːtn

A 
to roast, bake, fry 
Umlaut change: brät^
Preterite: briet
Past participle: gebraten
Auxiliary: haben
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14
Q

brechen

ˈbrɛçn

A 
to break
Vowel change: brich
Preterite: brach
Past participle: gebrochen
Auxiliary: haben (t) or sein (i)
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15
Q

dreschen

ˈdrɛʃn

A 
to thresh; thrash (inf.)
Vowel change: drisch
Preterite: drosch
Past participle: gedroschen
Auxiliary: haben
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16
Q

dringen

ˈdrɪŋən

A

to penetrate; insist
Preterite: drang
Past participle: gedrungen
Auxiliary: haben or sein
Prepositions: an/in = get through to (acc.); auf = insist on (acc.)
- Takes “haben” when used to mean “insist”, takes “sein” with other meanings.

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17
Q

empfehlen

ɛmˈpfeːlən

A 
to recommend
Vowel change: empfiehl
Preterite: empfahl // empfähle/empföhle
Past participle: empfohlen
Auxiliary: haben
- Note: "fehlen" is a regular verb.
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18
Q

erklimmen

ɛɐˈklɪmən

A

to scale, climb (elev.)
Preterite: erklomm
Past participle: erklommen
Auxiliary: haben

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19
Q

erlöschen

ɛɐˈlœʃn

A 
to go out (eg fire); expire
Vowel change: erlisch
Preterite: erlosch
Past participle: erloschen
Auxiliary: sein
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20
Q

erschrecken

ɛɐˈʃrɛkn

A 
to be frightened, startled
Vowel change: erschrick
Preterite: erschrak
Past participle: erschrocken
Auxiliary: sein
Prepositions: bei = by
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21
Q

erwägen

ɛɐˈvɛːɡn

A

to consider
Preterite: erwog
Past participle: erwogen
Auxiliary: haben

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22
Q

essen

ˈɛsn

A 
to eat (of humans)
Vowel change: iss
Preterite: aß
Past participle: gegessen
Auxiliary: haben
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23
Q

fahren

ˈfaːrən

A

to go (by vehicle); drive/ride (vehicles)
Umlaut change: fähr
Preterite: fuhr
Past participle: gefahren
Auxiliary: sein or haben
- Takes “haben” when used to mean “drive/ride (a vehicle)” and certain other meanings.

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24
Q

fallen

ˈfalən

A 
to fall, drop
Umlaut change: fäll
Preterite: fiel
Past participle: gefallen
Auxiliary: sein
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25
Q

fangen

ˈfaŋən

A 
to catch
Umlaut change: fäng
Preterite: fing
Past participle: gefangen
Auxiliary: haben
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26
Q

fechten

ˈfɛçtn

A 
to fence (of sport)
Vowel change: ficht^
Preterite: focht
Past participle: gefochten
Auxiliary: haben
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27
Q

finden

ˈfɪndn

A

to find
Preterite: fand
Past participle: gefunden
Auxiliary: haben

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28
Q

flechten

ˈflɛçtn

A 
to plait, braid
Vowel change: flicht^
Preterite: flocht
Past participle: geflochten
Auxiliary: haben
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29
Q

fliegen

ˈfliːɡn

A

to fly
Preterite: flog
Past participle: geflogen
Auxiliary: haben (t) or sein (i)

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30
Q

fliehen

ˈfliːən

A 
to flee
Preterite: floh
Past participle: geflohen
Auxiliary: haben (t) or sein (i)
Prepositions: vor = from
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31
Q

fließen

ˈfliːsn

A

to flow
Preterite: floss
Past participle: geflossen
Auxiliary: sein

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32
Q

frieren

ˈfriːrən

A 
to be cold; freeze
Preterite: fror
Past participle: gefroren
Auxiliary: haben or sein
- Takes "haben" when used to mean "be cold" or "freeze (impers.)", takes "sein" when used to mean "freeze (i)".
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33
Q

gären

ˈɡɛːrən

A 
to ferment
Preterite: gor
Past participle: gegoren
Auxiliary: haben (t/i) or sein (i)
- Regular when used figuratively, irregular when used literally.
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34
Q

gebären

ɡəˈbɛːrən

A 
to give birth
Vowel change*: gebier
Preterite: gebar
Past participle: geboren
Auxiliary: haben
*Vowel change when elevated.
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35
Q

geben

ˈɡeːbn

A 
to give
Vowel change: gib
Preterite: gab
Past participle: gegeben
Auxiliary: haben
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36
Q

gedeihen

ɡəˈdaiən

A

to thrive
Preterite: gedieh
Past participle: gediehen
Auxiliary: sein

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37
Q

gehen

ˈɡeːən

A

to go, go (by foot), walk
Preterite: ging
Past participle: gegangen
Auxiliary: sein

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38
Q

gelingen

ɡəˈlɪŋən

A

to succeed (imp.)
Preterite: gelang
Past participle: gelungen
Auxiliary: sein

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39
Q

gelten

ˈɡɛltn

A 
to be valid; be worth
Vowel change: gilt^
Preterite: galt // gälte/gölte
Past participle: gegolten
Auxiliary: haben
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40
Q

genesen

ɡəˈneːzn

A

to convalesce
Preterite: genas
Past participle: genesen
Auxiliary: sein

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41
Q

genießen

ɡəˈniːsn

A

to enjoy
Preterite: genoss
Past participle: genossen
Auxiliary: haben

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42
Q

geschehen

ɡəˈʃeːən

A 
to happen
Vowel change: geschieh
Preterite: geschah
Past participle: geschehen
Auxiliary: sein
- Doesn't have 1st person, 2nd person or imperative forms.
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43
Q

gewinnen

ɡəˈvɪnən

A

to win, gain
Preterite: gewann
Past participle: gewonnen
Auxiliary: haben

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44
Q

gießen

ˈɡiːsn

A

to pour
Preterite: goss
Past participle: gegossen
Auxiliary: haben

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45
Q

gleichen

ˈɡlaiçn

A

to resemble
Preterite: glich
Past participle: geglichen
Auxiliary: haben

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46
Q

gleiten

ˈɡlaitn

A 
to glide, slide
Preterite: glitt
Past participle: geglitten
Auxiliary: sein
- Note: "begleiten" is a regular verb.
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47
Q

glimmen

ˈɡlɪmən

A 
to glow, smoulder
Preterite: glomm
Past participle: geglommen
Auxiliary: haben
- Either regular (rare) or irregular.
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48
Q

graben

ˈɡraːbn

A 
to dig
Umlaut change: gräb
Preterite: grub
Past participle: gegraben
Auxiliary: haben
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49
Q

greifen

ˈɡraifn

A

to grasp
Preterite: griff
Past participle: gegriffen
Auxiliary: haben

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50
Q

halten

ˈhaltn

A 
to hold
Umlaut change: hält^
Preterite: hielt
Past participle: gehalten
Auxiliary: haben
- Note: "beinhalten" is a regular verb.
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51
Q

hängen

ˈhɛŋən

A 
to hang
Preterite: hing
Past participle: gehangen
Auxiliary: haben
- Regular when transitive, either regular or irregular when intransitive.
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52
Q

heben

ˈheːbn

A

to lift, raise
Preterite: hob
Past participle: gehoben
Auxiliary: haben

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53
Q

heißen

ˈhaisn

A

to call (of names)
Preterite: hieß
Past participle: geheißen
Auxiliary: haben

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54
Q

helfen

ˈhɛlfn

A 
to help
Vowel change: hilf
Preterite: half // hälfe/hülfe
Past participle: geholfen
Auxiliary: haben
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55
Q

klingen

ˈklɪŋən

A

to sound, ring/clink/clang (bell/glass/metal)
Preterite: klang
Past participle: geklungen
Auxiliary: haben

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56
Q

kneifen

ˈknaifn

A

to pinch
Preterite: kniff
Past participle: kniffen
Auxiliary: haben

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57
Q

kommen

ˈkɔmən

A

to come
Preterite: kam
Past participle: gekommen
Auxiliary: sein

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58
Q

kriechen

ˈkriːçn

A

to creep, crawl
Preterite: kroch
Past participle: gekrochen
Auxiliary: sein

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59
Q

laden

ˈlaːdn

A 
to load
Umlaut change: läd
Preterite: lud
Past participle: geladen
Auxiliary: haben
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60
Q

lassen

ˈlasn

A 
to let, allow; stop (ie cease), leave (sb/sth alone)
Umlaut change: läss
Preterite: ließ
Past participle: gelassen
Auxiliary: haben
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61
Q

laufen

ˈlaufn

A 
to run, walk
Umlaut change: läuf
Preterite: lief
Past participle: gelaufen
Auxiliary: sein*
*Takes either "haben" or "sein" when used to mean "run/set (a time/record)".
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62
Q

leiden

ˈlaidn

A 
to suffer
Preterite: litt
Past participle: gelitten
Auxiliary: haben
Prepositions: an/unter = from (dat.)
- Note: "verleiden" is a regular verb.
63
Q

leihen

ˈlaiən

A

to lend, loan; borrow, hire
Preterite: lieh
Past participle: geliehen
Auxiliary: haben

64
Q

lesen

ˈleːzn

A 
to read
Vowel change: lies
Preterite: las
Past participle: gelesen
Auxiliary: haben
65
Q

liegen

ˈliːɡn

A 
to lie (of position)
Preterite: lag
Past participle: gelegen
Auxiliary: haben or sein
- Takes "sein" in Southern Germany.
66
Q

lügen

ˈlyːɡn

A

to lie (of falsehoods)
Preterite: log
Past participle: gelögen
Auxiliary: haben

67
Q

meiden

ˈmaidn

A

to avoid
Preterite: mied
Past participle: gemieden
Auxiliary: haben

68
Q

messen

ˈmɛsn

A 
to measure
Vowel change: miss
Preterite: maß
Past participle: gemessen
Auxiliary: haben
69
Q

misslingen

mɪsˈlɪŋən

A

to fail
Preterite: misslang
Past participle: misslungen
Auxiliary: sein

70
Q

nehmen

ˈneːmən

A 
to take
Vowel change: nimm
Preterite: nahm
Past participle: genommen
Auxiliary: haben
71
Q

pfeifen

ˈpfaifn

A

to whistle
Preterite: pfiff
Past participle: gepfiffen
Auxiliary: haben

72
Q

preisen

ˈpraizn

A

Elevated: to extol, praise
Preterite: pries
Past participle: gepriesen
Auxiliary: haben

73
Q

quellen

ˈkvɛlən

A 
to pour, gush; swell
Vowel change: quill
Preterite: quoll
Past participle: gequollen
Auxiliary: sein
- Regular when used to mean "soak" (rare).
74
Q

raten

ˈraːtn

A 
to advise; guess
Umlaut change: rät^
Preterite: riet
Past participle: geraten
Auxiliary: haben
75
Q

reiben

ˈraibn

A

to rub
Preterite: rieb
Past participle: gerieben
Auxiliary: haben

76
Q

reißen

ˈraisn

A 
to tear, rip
Preterite: riss
Past participle: gerissen
Auxiliary: haben or sein
Prepositions: an = at
- Takes "sein" when used to mean "tear/rip (i)".
77
Q

reiten

ˈraitn

A 
to ride (of animals)
Preterite: ritt
Past participle: geritten
Auxiliary: haben (t) or sein (i)
Prepositions: auf = on (dat.)
78
Q

riechen

ˈriːçn

A 
to smell
Preterite: roch
Past participle: gerochen
Auxiliary: haben
Prepositions: nach = of
79
Q

ringen

ˈrɪŋən

A 
to wrestle, struggle
Preterite: rang
Past participle: gerungen
Auxiliary: haben
Prepositions: mit = with
80
Q

rinnen

ˈrɪnən

A

to run (of liquids)
Preterite: rann // ränne/rönne
Past participle: geronnen
Auxiliary: sein

81
Q

rufen

ˈruːfn

A

to call (of communication)
Preterite: rief
Past participle: gerufen
Auxiliary: haben

82
Q

saufen

ˈzaufn

A 
to drink (of animals), guzzle (vulg.), drink (alcohol) (inf.)
Umlaut change: säuf
Preterite: soff
Past participle: gesoffen
Auxiliary: haben
83
Q

saugen

ˈzauɡn

A 
to suck 
Preterite: sog
Past participle: gesogen
Auxiliary: haben
- Either regular or irregular.
84
Q

schaffen

ˈʃafn

A 
to create, make
Preterite: schuff
Past participle: geschaffen
Auxiliary: haben
- Regular when used to mean "manage, accomplish", irregular when used to mean "create", either regular or irregular when used to mean "make".
85
Q

scheiden

ˈʃaidn

A 
to separate; depart
Preterite: schied
Past participle: geschieden
Auxiliary: haben or sein
Prepositions: von = from
- Takes "haben" when used to mean "separate", takes "sein" when used to mean "depart".
86
Q

scheinen

ˈʃainən

A

to shine; seem/appear (imp.)
Preterite: schien
Past participle: geschienen
Auxiliary: haben

87
Q

scheißen

ˈʃaisn

A

to shit
Preterite: schiss
Past participle: geschissen
Auxiliary: haben

88
Q

schelten

ˈʃɛltn

A 
to scold; curse
Vowel change: schilt^
Preterite: schalt // schölte
Past participle: gescholten
Auxiliary: haben
89
Q

scheren

ˈʃeːrən

A 
to shear, clip
Preterite: schor
Past participle: geschoren
Auxiliary: haben
- Regular when used to mean "care (about)", irregular when used to mean "shear, clip".
90
Q

schieben

ˈʃiːbn

A

to push, shove
Preterite: schob
Past participle: geschoben
Auxiliary: haben

91
Q

schießen

ˈʃiːsn

A 
to shoot
Preterite: schoss
Past participle: geschossen
Auxiliary: haben or sein
- Takes "haben" when referring to projectiles, photography or sport, takes "sein" when referring to liquids spurting, plants sprouting or taking drugs, or when used figuratively.
92
Q

schlafen

ˈʃlaːfn

A 
to sleep
Umlaut change: schläf
Preterite: schlief
Past participle: geschlafen
Auxiliary: haben
93
Q

schlagen

ˈʃlaːɡn

A 
to hit; beat
Umlaut change: schläg
Preterite: schlug
Past participle: geschlagen
Auxiliary: haben or sein
- Takes "sein" when used to mean "hit (on/against sth)" and with certain other meanings.
94
Q

schleichen

ˈʃlaiçn

A

to sneak; creep
Preterite: schlich
Past participle: geschlichen
Auxiliary: sein

95
Q

schleifen

ˈʃlaifn

A 
to sharpen, grind (eg lens), sand, cut (eg gem)
Preterite: schliff
Past participle: geschliffen
Auxiliary: haben
- Also a regular verb meaning "drag".
96
Q

schließen

ˈʃliːsn

A

to close
Preterite: schloss
Past participle: geschlossen
Auxiliary: haben

97
Q

schlingen

ˈʃlɪŋən

A 
to tie, wrap (elev.); gobble, gulp
Preterite: schlang
Past participle: geschlungen
Auxiliary: haben
Prepositions: um = (wrap) around
98
Q

schmeißen

ˈʃmaisn

A

to chuck, fling, hurl (inf.)
Preterite: schmiss
Past participle: geschmissen
Auxiliary: haben

99
Q

schmelzen

ˈʃmɛltsn

A 
to melt 
Vowel change: schmilz
Preterite: schmolz
Past participle: geschmolzen
Auxiliary: haben (t) or sein (i)
100
Q

schneiden

ˈʃnaidn

A

to cut
Preterite: schnitt
Past participle: geschnitten
Auxiliary: haben

101
Q

schreiben

ˈʃraibn

A

to write
Preterite: schrieb
Past participle: geschrieben
Auxiliary: haben

102
Q

schreien

ˈʃraiən

A

to shout, cry out, scream
Preterite: schrie
Past participle: geschrien
Auxiliary: haben

103
Q

schreiten

ˈʃraitn

A

Elevated: stride, walk (solemnly); strut
Preterite: schritt
Past participle: geschritten
Auxiliary: sein

104
Q

schweigen

ˈʃvaiɡn

A

to be silent
Preterite: schwieg
Past participle: schwiegen
Auxiliary: haben

105
Q

schwellen

ˈʃvɛlən

A 
to swell 
Vowel change: schwill
Preterite: schwoll
Past participle: geschwollen
Auxiliary: haben (t) or sein (i)
- Regular when transitive, irregular when intransitive.
106
Q

schwimmen

ˈʃvɪmən

A 
to swim 
Preterite: schwamm // schwämme/schwömme
Past participle: geschwommen
Auxiliary: haben or sein
- Takes either "haben" or "sein" when used to mean "swim" (dial.).
107
Q

schwinden

ˈʃvɪndn

A

to dwindle, fade
Preterite: schwand
Past participle: schwunden
Auxiliary: sein

108
Q

schwingen(ˈʃvɪŋən)

A

to swing
Preterite: schwang
Past participle: geschwungen
Auxiliary: haben

109
Q

schwören

ˈʃvøːrən

A

to swear (ie vow)
Preterite: schwor // schwöre/schwüre
Past participle: geschworen
Auxiliary: haben

110
Q

sehen

ˈzeːən

A 
to see, look at
Vowel change: sieh
Preterite: sah
Past participle: gesehen
Auxiliary: haben
111
Q

sieden

ˈziːdn

A 
to boil 
Preterite: sott
Past participle: gesotten
Auxiliary: haben
- Either regular or irregular.
112
Q

singen

ˈzɪŋən

A

to sing
Preterite: sang
Past participle: gesungen
Auxiliary: haben

113
Q

sinken

ˈzɪŋkn

A

to sink
Preterite: sank
Past participle: gesungen
Auxiliary: sein

114
Q

sinnen

ˈzɪnən

A

to ponder
Preterite: sann // sänne/sönne
Past participle: gesonnen
Auxiliary: haben

115
Q

sitzen

ˈzɪtsn

A 
to sit 
Preterite: saß
Past participle: gesessen
Auxiliary: haben or sein
- Takes "sein" in Southern Germany and Austria.
116
Q

speien

ˈʃpaiən

A

to spit; spew
Preterite: spie
Past participle: gespien
Auxiliary: haben

117
Q

spinnen

ˈʃpɪnən

A

to spin; be crazy (inf.)
Preterite: spann // spänne/spönne
Past participle: gesponnen
Auxiliary: haben

118
Q

sprechen

ˈʃprɛçn

A 
to speak, talk, say
Vowel change: sprich
Preterite: sprach
Past participle: gesprochen
Auxiliary: haben
Prepositions: über/von = about/of (acc.)
119
Q

sprießen

ˈʃpriːsn

A

to sprout, come up (out of the earth)
Preterite: spross
Past participle: gesprossen
Auxiliary: sein

120
Q

springen

ˈʃprɪŋən

A 
to jump
Preterite: sprang
Past participle: gesprungen
Auxiliary: sein*
*Takes "haben" when used to mean "jump/set (a record)".
121
Q

stechen

ˈʃtɛçn

A 
to prick, sting
Vowel change: stich
Preterite: stach (ʃtaːx)
Past participle: gestochen (ɡəˈʃtɔxn)
Auxiliary: haben
122
Q

stehen

ˈʃteːən

A 
to stand 
Preterite: stand // stände/stünde
Past participle: gestanden 
Auxiliary: haben or sein
- Takes "sein" in Southern Germany and Austria.
123
Q

stehlen

ˈʃteːlən

A 
to steal
Vowel change: stiehl
Preterite: stahl // stähle/stöhle
Past participle: gestohlen
Auxiliary: haben
124
Q

steigen

ˈʃtaiɡn

A

to climb
Preterite: stieg
Past participle: gestiegen
Auxiliary: sein

125
Q

sterben

ˈʃtɛrbn

A 
to die 
Vowel change: stirb
Preterite: starb // stürbe
Past participle: gestorben
Auxiliary: sein
126
Q

stinken

ˈʃtɪŋkn

A 
to stink 
Preterite: stank
Past participle: gestunken
Auxiliary: haben
Prepositions: nach = of
127
Q

stoßen

ˈʃtoːsn

A 
to push, shove
Umlaut change: stöß
Preterite: stieß
Past participle: gestoßen
Auxiliary: haben*
*Takes "sein" when used to mean "run/bump (into)".
128
Q

streichen

ˈʃtraiçn

A

to stroke, spread, paint; cross out, delete, cancel
Preterite: strich
Past participle: gestrichen
Auxiliary: haben or sein
- Takes “sein” with certain intransitive meanings.

129
Q

streiten

ˈʃtraitn

A 
to argue, quarrel 
Preterite: stritt
Past participle: gestritten
Auxiliary: haben
Prepositions: um/über = about/over (acc.)
130
Q

tragen

ˈtraɡn

A 
to carry; wear 
Umlaut change: träg
Preterite: trug
Past participle: getragen
Auxiliary: haben
- Note: "beantragen" and "beauftragen" are regular verbs.
131
Q

treffen

ˈtrɛfn

A 
to hit (a target); meet
Vowel change: triff
Preterite: traf
Past participle: getroffen
Auxiliary: haben
132
Q

treiben

ˈtraibn

A 
to drive (ie impel)
Preterite: trieb
Past participle: trieben
Auxiliary: haben or sein
- Takes "sein" when used to mean "drift", takes "haben" with other meanings.
133
Q

treten

ˈtreːtn

A 
to kick; step
Vowel change: tritt^
Preterite: trat
Past participle: getreten
Auxiliary: haben or sein
- Takes "sein" when used to mean "step (movement, fig.)", "emerge, appear" or "start/begin", takes "sein" or "haben" when used to mean "step (on/in sth)" or "pedal, use a pedal (eg car)", takes "haben" with other meanings.
134
Q

trinken

ˈtrɪŋkn

A

to drink
Preterite: trank
Past participle: getrunken
Auxiliary: haben

135
Q

trügen

ˈtryːɡn

A

to deceive
Preterite: trog
Past participle: getrogen
Auxiliary: haben

136
Q

tun

tuːn

A

to do
Preterite: tat
Past participle: getan
Auxiliary: haben

137
Q

verderben

fɛɐˈdɛrbn

A 
to ruin, spoil
Vowel change: verdirb
Preterite: verdarb // verdürbe
Past participle: verdorben
Auxiliary: haben (t) or sein (i)
138
Q

verdrießen

fɛɐˈdriːsn

A

to annoy, irritate
Preterite: verdross
Past participle: verdrossen
Auxiliary: haben

139
Q

verlieren

fɛɐˈliːrən

A

to lose
Preterite: verlor
Past participle: verloren
Auxiliary: haben

140
Q

verschleißen

fɛɐˈʃlaisn

A

to wear out
Preterite: verschliss
Past participle: verschlissen
Auxiliary: haben (t) or sein (i)

141
Q

verzeihen

fɛɐˈtsaiːən

A

to forgive, excuse
Preterite: verzieh
Past participle: verziehen
Auxiliary: haben

142
Q

wachsen

ˈvaksn

A 
to grow
Umlaut change: wächs
Preterite: wuchs
Past participle: gewachsen
Auxiliary: sein
- Also a regular verb meaning "wax".
143
Q

waschen

ˈvaʃn

A 
to wash 
Umlaut change: wäsch
Preterite: wusch
Past participle: gewaschen
Auxiliary: haben
144
Q

weben

ˈveːbn

A 
to weave
Preterite: wob
Past participle: gewoben
Auxiliary: haben
- Regular when used literally, irregular when used figuratively or literarily.
145
Q

weichen

ˈvaiçn

A 
to yield; leave (sb/sth)
Preterite: wich
Past participle: gewichen
Auxiliary: sein
Prepositions: vor = (retreat) from
- Also a regular verb meaning "soak".
146
Q

weisen

ˈvaizn

A

Elevated: to show, point; expel, eject (sb)
Preterite: wies
Past participle: gewiesen
Auxiliary: haben
Prepositions: nach = (point) towards; auf = (point) at (acc.)

147
Q

werben

ˈvɛrbn

A 
to recruit, attract; advertise
Vowel change: wirb
Preterite: warb // würbe
Past participle: geworben
Auxiliary: haben
148
Q

werfen

ˈvɛrfn

A 
to throw
Vowel change: wirf
Preterite: warf // würfe
Past participle: geworfen
Auxiliary: haben
Prepositions: nach = at
149
Q

wiegen

ˈviːɡn

A 
to weigh 
Preterite: wog
Past participle: gewogen
Auxiliary: haben
- Also a regular verb meaning "rock, sway".
150
Q

winden

ˈvɪndn

A 
to wind
Preterite: wand
Past participle: gewunden
Auxiliary: haben
- Also a regular verb meaning "blow (wind) (imp.)".
151
Q

wringen

ˈvrɪŋən

A

to wring
Preterite: wrang
Past participle: gewrungen
Auxiliary: haben

152
Q

ziehen

ˈtsiːən

A 
to pull; move
Preterite: zog
Past participle: gezogen
Auxiliary: haben or sein
Prepositions: aus = of
- Takes "sein" when used to mean "move", takes "haben" with other meanings.
153
Q

zwingen

ˈtsvɪŋən

A

to force (ie compel)
Preterite: zwang
Past participle: gezwungen
Auxiliary: haben

German (18 decks)

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