Ireland Flashcards
In what year was the Ulster Crisis?
1912-13
In what year was the Parliament Act?
1911
In what year was the Easter Rising?
1916
In what year was the partition of Ireland?
1921
In what year did the Irish Nationalist Party hold the balance of power in the House of Commons?
1910
Between which years was the potato famine present in Ireland?
1945-51
How many people starved to death due to the potato famine?
One million
Why did the potato famine cause tension between GB and Ireland?
GB failed to take effective action and the anger it produced in Ireland was passed down in generations
What was the central social problem in Ireland? Why?
Depressed economic condition of rural land farmers because they lived on land owned by English landlords with no tenancy agreements so had no security
Who emerged shortly after the potato famine, demanding independence
The Irish Republican Brotherhood
In what year were the First and Second Irish Home Rule bills but forward?
1886 and 1892
In order to ‘kill home rule with kindness’, what did Lord Salisbury do?
Offered loans to farmers to buy out landlords and hoped hatred would go.
When did the Ulster problems arise and what were they?
Started in 1886, Protestants rejects Home Rule
Give four reasons as to why Britain rejected Home Rule
- Too many influential people in GB owned property in Ireland
- would disrupt British economy
- would disrupt British empire
- would compromise security in event of war
A cultural revival occurred in Ireland in what years?
1895 - 1909
Irish sports, literature, music and dance was brought about widely by which organisation?
The Gaelic League
What did West Britonism encourage?
The idea that Ireland had no real separate identity but was merely a geographical area of Britain
What year was the Land Act passed and what did it allow?
1903
Completed the transfer of land from landlords to tenants
How did the INP react to the Land Act?
Split.
Some were happy to see the end of landlordism
Some thought they had lost their most potent political weapon
What did both Campbell Bannerman and Asquith fear after the Land Act?
That home-rule would provoke the constitutional crisis which would jeopardise their votes
Who was James Connolly?
He was motivated by Marxist belief
He believed Irish independence was essential in Ireland was ever to reach the stage at which a socialist state could be established
How did Sinn Fein react to James Connolly?
They rejected his ideas of socialism and violence
Their leader, Arthur Griffin, wanted peaceful resistance
Who was the Irish National party leader?
John Redmond
When was the third home rule bill passed?
1912
What are the terms for the third Home rule bill?
- Irish parliament with an elected House of Commons and the nominated at the chamber of the Senate with limited powers especially restricted in financial affairs
- 42 Irish MPs in Westminster
- Ulster was to be included
How did Redmond feel about the terms of the third home rule bill?
He believed it was barely acceptable. He believed it could be sold to extreme INP members as a starting point for future progress.
How did the unionists feel about the third home rule bill?
They believed it was entirely unacceptable for the same reason as Redmond. They also believed that the inclusion of Ulster was a mistake. Edward Carson, Ulster leader, would except home-rule excluding all the Ulster provinces which was nine counties
What did Carson draw up in 1912 as a pledge against home rule? Was it successful?
“Solomon league and covenant “
It was successful in that it got 470,000 signatures
What was the Curragh Mutiny of 1914?
That Irish army was largely Protestant and said the government worried that this would cause resignations. 58 officers resigned resigned. The Ulster army obtained more weapons and were now a threat. Equally national forces that the proceedings were less smooth - three dead
