Ireland Flashcards
What was the Parliament Act in 1911?
- House of Lords cannot reject or amend any financial bills
- Lords can only reject or amend a piece of legislation twice in the lifetime of a parliament
- Lifetime of a Parliament reduce from 7 to 5 years i.e. an election must be held every 5 years
What happened to the Parliament bill?
- The House of Lords rejected the Parliament Bill
- Death of the King slowed the reform process
- Between June and November a ‘constitutional conference’ took place to try and find a compromise - not really successful as neither leader had full control over their party members
- An election is called on this issue December 1910
Details of the Third Home Rule Bill 1912
- Fundamentally the same as the one in 1893 which stated that the Westminster Parliament was supreme and specifically removed decisions on foreign affairs, trade, customs and excise, and military affairs from the Irish Government
- There was to be an Irish Parliament with the two chambers - a small, nominated senate and an elected House of Commons
- Powers were to be limited even more, the Westminster Parliament was to have greater financial control over Ireland
- Ulster was to be included
- Ulster didn’t like the idea that Liberals would be ruled from Dublin
Who was Arthur Griffith?
- Anti-British socialist who claimed there could be no Anglo-Irish peace until Ireland was wholly independent
- Irish Nationalist
- Seinn Fein
- Catholic
Who was Edward Carson?
- MP for Trinity College, Dublin 1892-1918
- Solicitor general 1900-1905
- Leader of the Ulster Unionist Party 1910-1912
- Protestant
Who was John Redmond?
- MP at Westminster 1891-1918
- Led the Irish Nationalist Party 1900-1918
- Protestant
Who was James Craig?
- Leader of the Ulster Unionists Council
- Protestant
Who was Charles Stewart Parrell?
- Had an affair with a Catholic, Kitty O’Shea
- Protestant
What were Tim Healy, Michael Collins and Eamon DeValera?
- Roman Catholic
- Nationalists
- Seinn Feinn
How were the Ulster Unionists to blame for the problems of Irish Home Rule and the Ulster Question?
- Set up Ulster Volunteer Force prepared to use force to oppose law
- Intransigent refusing to comprise
- Larne Gun running incident - moved country closer to civil war
- Covenant (oath) promising to resist H.R by any means
How were the Irish Nationalists to blame for the problems of Irish Home Rule and the Ulster Question?
- Tried to land arms in Ireland aswell
- Irish volunteers - step towards civil war
- Intransigent - refused to comprise on the H.R for all of Ireland
How were the Conservative Party to blame for the problems of Irish Home Rule and the Ulster Question?
- Gave full support to the unionists
- Acting against a Bill passed by the government
- Using Ireland and Home Rule as a stick to beat the Liberals with
How were Asquith and the Liberals to blame for the problems of Irish Home Rule and the Ulster Question?
- ‘wait and see’ - allowed the initiative to go to UU and IR Nats
- Only introducing HR to secure support of IR Nats - victim of circumstances
How did the Conservatives interfere?
- Gave Ulster Unionists confidence to defy government
- Gave conservatives something to attack the liberal government over
- Defying of the Law
What is Curragh Mutiny?
- Meant there could be no military solution - ruled out use of the army
- Ulster born (Protestant) British Army officers either returned to serve or take action against Protestant Unionists (‘their own people’)
- Army Officers would disappear and move North
- British Army suggested they would not take their place
