IR Final Flashcards
Washington Consensus
Term to describe the policies that the international institutions based in Washington (IMF, World bank & US treasury department) come to favour the post colonial reconstrunction of economies in the developping world. Reconstruction of the economy: stabilize, privatize, liberalize.
definitions and types of international institutions
justifications for and against humanitarian intervention
For: Impartiality and non use of force
Against: They dont necessarily make things better and violates the concept of non intervention set up by sovereignty
Humanitarian Int: Human intervention carried out in pursuit of humanitarian objectives
contagion
When theres a crisis somewhere and then investors just take away all their investments from everywhere so it spreads the crisis everywhere.
Tragedy of the Commons
The threat posed to global commons by overpopulation for resources.
United Nations creation and structure
After 2nd world war, 1942, 26 countries in the start, San Francisco, then delegates of 50 states created the UN charter. Currently 193 members. A state joins the EU by aubmitting formal application for admission, consideration by security council.
Reformist and radical ecology
Reformist: L’environnement qui est en train de crash down ca affecte l’economie, et l’economie c’est important.
Radical: Revolutionnary solutions we don’t accept capitalism we don’t focus on economy, ecological
mutually assured destruction / deterrence
When a country knows that if they act in a certain way every country will act the same way: nuclear vs nuclear
Deterrence: Strategy to prevent an attack and you put emphasis of the likelyhood of the fight back.
Montreal Protocol
1987: environmental protocol, for the ozone layer
Demonstrates how int protocols can be effective
Responsibility to Protect
2 criterias: that outline the justification for military action, set up by the canadian government
1: Large scale lost of life, ex: genocide intent: carried out by state
2: Large scale ethnic cleansing by killing, terrorism or rape
Human Rights
Universal rights every human are entitled to because they are human.
3 gens of human rights
1: civil & political rights
2: economical, social & political
3: solidarity (communal right)
Revolutions in military affairs
RMA: developments in USA for new military strategy based on high tech technology and smart weapons
orthodox and alternative view of development
Orthodox: View of development: no poverty equals good economic growth, failure to satisfy material needs
Alternative view of development: Lack of material and non material needs so humanism kind of view, social and cultural inclusion: youre still poor
Capitalism
Enterprise capitalism: The market is self regulating
Social: They want to mix market competition with the need for social cohersion
State: State plays a social role
Colonial: World system theory
Bretton Woods
Agreement during 2n WW to plan the post war economy, 1944 to reconstruct a post war economy pour pas que ca collaps comme la premiere
Universal Declaration of Human Rights
1948: 30 rights, created at the 3rd meeting of the UN, was adopted, non binding
Absolute and relative poverty
Absolute poverty: Standard of poverty thats based on income level like food or wall, its when its insufficient like absolutely poor
Relative poverty: Someone thats deprived from costumary things hes used to have like a coat so its not absolute
Nuclear weapon
Nuclear Fission Ou Fusion Nuclear to destroy targets with blasted heat and radiation
Realism would argue that international organizations (IOs) have no significant independent
impact on global politics. Explain why.
Is this statement accurate? Explicitly draw in three examples from the lectures, class activity or
reading to support your answer.
NOTE: If you find the Realist stance to be inaccurate, then explicitly mention which theory
is more appropriate in your answer.
IOs have no power really because of sovereignty.
- South China Sea: body of water contested by multiple countries in Asia, no real claim possible, still contested
- amnesty internationale
-world bank - World health org they cant force anything, just reconmmendations
What are nuclear weapons and why are they considered different from other types of military
weapons/tools? Briefly describe the main international efforts to reduce nuclear proliferation
(reduce the spread of nuclear weapons). After assessing these developments, would you argue
they have been successful, partially successful, or largely unsuccessful? Justify your answer.
Largely successful
Nuclear proliferation: the spread of nuclear weapons
Horizontal: Spread of nuclear weapons to non-nuclear states and possibly non-state actors
2 ways for them to spread:
- illegal selling, puchasing or selling eapons
-Attaining the means to build the weapons
Yes, cause it spreaded 1968 Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty entered in 1970 nuclear weapon states
Which of the following statements describes the primary feature of our current global economy:
(1) the power politics among the dominant states,
(2) the pursuit of growth and profit by powerful economic actors like corporations,
(3) Global North-Global South relations
(4) cooperation between states and others to achieve collective goals (progress,
peace, etc.)
Justify the answer by giving 3 examples from the lectures or readings. In the answer, also
explicitly link each of these statements to their theoretical lens before choosing one.
Identify and describe the major efforts international efforts to address climate change. Drawing
on examples of environmental agreements and initiatives covered in the class and readings
explain the possibilities and limits of international environmental cooperation.
1992 UN Convention on Climate Change (UNCCC) – hold conventions annually (COPs)
2015 Paris Accord: inhanced support to assist developing countries
non-binding = can’t force to implement
have good suggestions to help potential victims of climate crisis (North & South)
. What has the international community done to address human rights? In your answer identify
what human rights are and explicitly discuss the strengths and weaknesses of the international
efforts.
WW2 efforts, Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR)
- its western centred
