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Instrument Rating > IR Examination Questions > Flashcards

IR Examination Questions Flashcards

1
Q

Semi Circular Rule

A 
Even = West 179 - 359*
Odd = East

Should be using when flying above 3000ft and outside controlled airspace

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2
Q

Performance Category DA42

A

Approach Cat A

Performance Cat B

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3
Q

Approach Category is based on

A

Indicated Airspeed at the threshold

Catagory A = Speed less than 91 knots
Catagory B = Speed >= 91 and less than 121 knots
Catagory C = Speed >= 121 and less than 141 knots
Catagory D = Speed >= 141 and less than 166 knots
Catagory E = Speed >= 166 knots (only includes certain military aircraft)

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4
Q

Approach ban single pilot and when can you start an approach

A

800m RVR

Can start an approach if the RVR is improving but you can’t continue past 1,000ft AAL

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5
Q

SDGFRY/S

A 
S= Standard Equipment
D = DME
G = GPS
F = ADF
R = RNP
Y = 8.33khz spacing
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6
Q

PBN/B2D2S1

A 
B2 = 5NM
D2 = 2NM
S1 = 0.3NM
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7
Q

What is the limit to using “DCT” on a FP?

A

For legs greater than 49nm, needs a waypoint to break it up unless using an airway

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8
Q

ACK
MAN
REJ

A 
ACK = Accepted 
MAN = Manual 
REJ = Rejected
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9
Q

Missed Approach min climb gradient

A

2.5%

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10
Q

Min SID climb gradient

A

3.3%

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11
Q

Ref documents for Alternate requirements

A

Selection of aerodromes = CAT.OP.MPA.180

Planning minima for IFR flights = CAT.OP.MPA.185

Aerodrome operating minima = CAT.OP.MPA.110

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12
Q

T/o alternate is required when

A

It would not be possible to return to the aerodrome of departure for met of performance reasons

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13
Q

Alternate requirements for twin engined a/c

A

Must be within one hours flight time at one engine cruise speed

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14
Q

Planning minima for alternates

A

Weather reports/forecasts for a period of one hour before and after the estimated time of arrival at the takeoff alternate must at or above the applicable landing minima.

If the only available approaches are non-precision the ceiling shall be taken into account

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15
Q

No Destination Alternate Requirements

A

At least one is required unless both

Planned duration is less than six hours

Two seperate runways are available and the weather reports one hour before and after the expected arrival are at least 2000ft or circling minima +500ft and 5Km vis

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16
Q

Two Destination Alternates are required

A

When weather reports one hour before and after the expected arrival time are below applicable minima
or
No Met information is available

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17
Q

Planning Minima for Destination

A

RVR/Vis specified in accordance with CAT.OP.MPA.110 (Greater than published or single pilot minima)
and
for a non precision approach or a circling approach, the ceiling at or above MDH

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18
Q

Alternate Planning Minima CAT.OP.MPA.185

A

Must plan for the next best approach than the one available

e.g CATII and III is available then plan for CAT I

CAT I is available then plan for Non precision

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19
Q

Performance Legislation - Airworthiness requirements

A

Legislated by EASA within documents CS 25 (Performance class A) and CS 23 (Performance class B and C)

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20
Q

To ensure similar standards between performance classes a second layer of legislation Operating regulations is in place. This document is called?

A

Part CAT Subpart C

PICs responsibility to ensure that the aircraft will comply with the specification laid down by part CAT

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21
Q

Performance Classification for Aircraft

A

Class A
Multi Engine Jets and some
Turboprops (MTOM > 5700 kg or > 9 seats)

Class B - Small Propeller (MTOM < 5700kg or < 9 seats)

Class C - Large Reciprocating Engine (MTOM > 5700kg or +10 seats)

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22
Q

Additional Factors for
take off if no information in AFM
AMC1 CAT.POL.A.305
Short Dry Grass

A

1.2 x TODR

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23
Q

Additional Factors for
take off if no information in AFM
AMC1 CAT.POL.A.305
Short wet Grass

A

1.3x TODR

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24
Q

Additional Factors for
take off if no information in AFM
AMC1 CAT.POL.A.305
Soft Ground

A

1.25+ x TODR

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25
Q

Additional Factors for
Landing if no information in AFM
AMC1 CAT.POL.A.330
Short Dry Grass

A

1.15x LDR

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26
Q

Additional Factors for
Landing if no information in AFM
AMC1 CAT.POL.A.330
Soft Ground

A

1.25+ xLDR

27
Q

Single Engine Service Ceiling

A

12,000ft

28
Q

TORA

A

Length of the useable runway

29
Q

ASDA

A

Usable runway plus stopway

30
Q

TODA

A

Useable Runway plus clearway

31
Q

LDA

A

Useable Runway

32
Q

LDR

A

Screen Height to fullstop

33
Q

TODR

A

Start moving to screen height

34
Q

Performance Class B - Takeoff Climb

A

All engines = at least 4%

OEI = 400ft above the surface must be measurably positive
Then
Steady gradient of climb not less than 0.75% at an altitude of 1,500ft above the takeoff surface

35
Q

ASDR and how to calculate

A

The “accelerate/stop distance” is the total distance required to accelerate the twin engine airplane to a specified speed and, assuming failure of an engine at the instant that speed is attained, to bring the airplane to a stop on the remaining runway.

The AFM provides no data for calculating the ASDR therefore you can approximate the ASDR by adding the TORR and the LRR together and then add 72m for reaction time of 2 secs at 76kts

36
Q

Balanced field takeoff

A

A balanced field takeoff is a condition where the accelerate-stop distance required (ASDR) is equal to the takeoff distance required (TODR) for the aircraft weight, engine thrust, aircraft configuration and runway condition.

37
Q

RFFS CAT for L3 ops

A

CAT 2

9 m ≤ length < 12 m

Width = 2 m

Min number of fire vehicles = 1

38
Q

DA42 Wake Turbulence Category and why is it that category?

A

L – LIGHT, to indicate an aircraft type with a maximum certificated takeoff mass of 7000 kg (15 500 lbs) or less.

39
Q

Minimum Enroute Altitude (MEA)

A

Altitude for Enroute section that assures

  • Reception of nav aids to be able to track accurately
  • Two way communication with ATC
  • Safe obstacle clearance
  • Conformity with ATC procedures
40
Q

Obstacle Clearance Altitude/Height

A

Lowest Altitude above the elevation of the threshold or a/d elevation used in establishing compliance with the appropriate obstacle clearance criteria

41
Q

HDOP

A

Horizontal Dilution Of Precision

A scale of how well the satellites can produce a accurate interpretation in the horizontal plane

42
Q

EPU

A

Estimated Position Uncertainty

Statistical error indication

43
Q

Reported Met Visibility Conversion to RVR

A

HIALS - 1.5 = day 2.0 = night
Any other lighting = 1.0 day 1.5 - night
No lighting = 1.0 for day

44
Q

In the UK where can you find OCH for a particular r/y

A

UK AIP Aerodrome specific section as is the approach and r/y lighting

45
Q

Determining Minima for Instrument Approaches

A

First compare the state minima, OCH/A, and system minima and take the most limiting (highest)

Then check the a/d and r/y lighting

Then go to the required RVR tables to determine the minimum RVR but bear in mind single pilot ops restrictions

Then consider extras e.g PEC

46
Q

Why are there 2 Altimeters on the a/c

A
  • EU OPS IFR flight rules require 2 altimeters - legal requirement (see EU OPS Subpart K)
  • in case of IFR flight at FL’s - PFD altimeter is set to ‘STD BARO’ (1013)
  • standby altimeter - always set to QNH for reference of true altitude of the aircraft
  • in case of PFD failure
  • assist with terrain separation using QNH on the standby
47
Q

When flying a QFE based approach, what would be set on the standby altimeter?

A

QNH so you have reference to vertical distance AMSL

48
Q

What is PEC snd wy should it be applied? Where do you find this referenced and what is the PEC for the DA42

A

Pressure Error Correction - relates to the altimeter errors that can occur when the a/c is in the
approach configuration and so adjustments may have to be made to DH

Can be referenced in AIP AD 1-1 paragraph 2.6

DA42 PEC = 0 (AFM)

49
Q

If there is no published figure for the PEC for your a/c what PEC should you apply?

A

50ft to MDA for light twins

AIP AD 1-1 paragraph 2.6

50
Q

Definition of ACA/H

A

The lowest alt/height from which a light multi-engine aircraft can make successful GA when asymmetric, wheter IMC/VMC

51
Q

In which source document can you find the rules regarding performance planning on a public transport flight?

A

EU OPS Subpart H, Performance class B - 1.525

52
Q

What a/c configuration is assumed for landing performance calculations?

A
  • power idle
  • flaps to LDG
  • still air
  • VREF attained (76 kts)
  • level runway
  • asphalt
  • dry
  • gear down
53
Q

If you are expecting a strong crosswind on the main runway at your destination are there any special
planning allowances when considering secondary runways?

A

To be able to dispatch an aircraft to a destination, you must be
able to schedule the landing in still air conditions on the most favourable
runway and the forecast conditions on the most likely runway.
Both
conditions must be met

Land within 70% of LDA

50% h/w and 150% t/w

Circling minima

54
Q

What factors need to be applied to runway slope for takeoff and landing?

A

5% for every 1%

55
Q

Difference between Gross and Net performance

A

Gross - The avergae performance by line pilots using standard techniques

Net - Used to determine performance limiting masses, gross diminished by a safety factor

56
Q

Conversion from met vis to RVR can be referenced from

A

EU OPS Subpart E, 1.43 page 69

57
Q

Approach ban requirements can be referenced from

A

EU OPS Subpart D Operational procedures

58
Q

Minimum height you can use the autopilot

A

200 ft during approach and departure when speed is below 130kts

59
Q

Where do you find the planning minima for commercial IFR flights?

A

EU OPS Subpart D, 1.297 page 38

60
Q

Buys Ballot’s Law

A

In the northern hemisphere if you stand with your back to the wind, low pressure will be on our left.

61
Q

Definition of Visibility

A

Visibility for aeronautical purposes is the greater of:

  • the greatest safe distance at which a black object of suitable dimensions, situated near the ground, can be seen and recognised when observed against a bright background;
  • the greatest distance at which lights in the vicinity of 1000 candelas can be seen and identified against an unlit black background.
62
Q

Difference between radiation fog and advection fog

A

Radiation - Land cools air and forms fog

Advection - warm moist air is blown over a cooler surface which cools the air and it condenses

63
Q

Source document for public transport t/o minima

A

EU OPS Subpart E, 1.43 pg 70

Instrument Rating (3 decks)

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