IR Flashcards
IR Oral Exam
An applicant for an instrument rating must have at least how much and what type of flight time as pilot? (14 CFR 141 Appendix C Part 4
(a) Each approved course must include at least the following flight training on the approved areas of operation listed in paragraph (d) of this section, appropriate to the instrument-aircraft category and class rating for which the course applies:
(1) 35 hours of instrument training if the course is for an initial instrument rating.
(2) 15 hours of instrument training if the course is for an additional instrument rating.
(b) For the use of full flight simulators, flight training devices, or aviation training devices -
(1) The course may include training in a full flight simulator, flight training device, or aviation training device, provided it is representative of the aircraft for which the course is approved, meets the requirements of this paragraph, and the training is given by an authorized instructor.
(2) Credit for training in a full flight simulator that meets the requirements of § 141.41(a) cannot exceed 50 percent of the total flight training hour requirements of the course or of this section, whichever is less.
(3) Credit for training in a flight training device that meets the requirements of § 141.41(a), an advanced aviation training device that meets the requirements of § 141.41(b), or a combination of these devices cannot exceed 40 percent of the total flight training hour requirements of the course or of this section, whichever is less. Credit for training in a basic aviation training device that meets the requirements of § 141.41(b) cannot exceed 25 percent of the total training hour requirements permitted under this paragraph.
(4) Credit for training in full flight simulators, flight training devices, and aviation training devices if used in combination, cannot exceed 50 percent of the total flight training hour requirements of the course or of this section, whichever is less. However, credit for training in a flight training device or aviation training device cannot exceed the limitation provided for in paragraph (b)(3) of this section.
(c) Each approved course must include the following flight training -
(1) For an instrument airplane course: Instrument training time from a certificated flight instructor with an instrument rating on the approved areas of operation in paragraph (d) of this section including at least one cross-country flight that -
(i) Is in the category and class of airplane that the course is approved for, and is performed under IFR;
(ii) Is a distance of at least 250 nautical miles along airways or ATC-directed routing with one segment of the flight consisting of at least a straight-line distance of 100 nautical miles between airports;
(iii) Involves an instrument approach at each airport; and
(iv) Involves three different kinds of approaches with the use of navigation systems.
When is an instrument rating required? (14 CFR 61.3, 61.133, 91.135, 91.157)
- IFR Flight Plan
- Weather conditions less than VFR minima
- Class A
- Special VFR at night in Class B, C, D & E
- Carrying passengers for hire on xc >50nm
Recency of experience requirements to be PIC under IFR? (14 CFR 61.57)
- Flight review
- To carry passengers 3 take offs and landings w/i preceding 90 days in same category, class & type. (Night or tailwheel must be full stop landings)
- 66HIT
a. w/i preceding 6 months
b. 6 instrument approaches
c. Holding procedures
d. Intercepting and tracking
If a pilot allows their instrument currency to expire, what can be done to become current again? (14 CFR 61.57, 91.109)
- Good for 6 months
- Then need safety pilot to meet currency
- If second six months passes without currency need flight review
Explain the difference between being current and being proficient. (FAA-H-8083-2, FAA-P-8740-36)
Current = legal Proficient = safe
What are the required qualifications for a person to act as a “safety pilot”? (14 CFR 61.3, 61.23, 91.109)
- Possess at least a PPL in same category and class
- Appropriate medical for required crew
- If on IFR flight plan, PIC must be rated and current
As an instrument rated pilot, can you fly IFR under BasicMed? (AC 68-1)
Yes if the aircraft is covered and equipped and the pilot is rated and current.
What conditions are necessary for a pilot to log instrument time? (14 CFR 61.51)
Operating solely by reference to instruments under actual or simulated flight conditions.
When logging instrument time, what should be included in each logbook entry? (14 CFR 61.51)
Location and type of each instrument approach accomplished and the name of the safety pilot, if required.
What conditions must exist in order to log “actual” instrument flight time?
No book answer - FAA has never defined “actual”. Good rule of thumb is when in IMC flying solely by reference to instruments. IMC = below VMC in 14 CFR 91.155
What is the definition of the term “flight time”? (14 CFR Part 1)
Pilot time that commences when an aircraft moves under its own power for the purpose of flight and ends when the aircraft comes to rest after landing.
What requirements must be met before a pilot can log an IAP for currency or training? (FAA InFO 15012)
- Operate solely by reference to instruments (14 CFR 61.51(g)(1))
- Must be established on each required segment of the IAP to the MDA or DA/DH.
- Simulated IMC must continue to MDA or DA/DH
- In A/C must be conducted in actual or simulated IMC (14 CFR 61.51(g)(1))
- When in actual IMC a/c transitions to visual prior to MDA or DA/DH.
What are the four methods a pilot may use to conduct and then log IAPs? (FAA InFO 15012)
- Actual IMC in aircraft
- Simulated instrument with view limiting device and safety pilot in aircraft
- Simulated IMC in approved simulator
- Combination of 1-3 (61.57(c)(4) or (5).
Is a pilot required to fly the entire approach procedure in order to log it for currency? (FAA InFO 15012)
Yes, beginning at IAF, unless otherwise cleared or vectored by ATC.
When flying an IAP in IMC, does the FAA require the ceiling to be at MDA or DA/DH before the approach may be logged?
No. Either transition to visual and land (91.175) or execute a missed approach at the MAP or DA/DH. You can log it either way.
