IR Flashcards
What are important questions to ask patients in their medical history before contrast media injection?
- Allergies
- Cardiopulmonary status
- Renal function
What type of medication is a contraindication for IR procedures and why?
Anticoagulant drugs
Cause excessive amounts of bleeding during or after the procedure
How long is food withheld before a procedure and why?
8 hours
To prevent aspiration
What is recommended to prevent contrast media induced renal damage?
Hydration
What four arteries are considered for catheterization?
- Femoral
- Axillary
- Brachial
- Radial
What vessel is the preferred choice for puncture/access?
Femoral artery because of its size and easy accessibility
What qualities does the contrast media of choice have?
Water soluble, non ionic, non iodinated
What are common risks and complications of IR procedures?
- Excessive bleeding at the puncture site
- Thrombus formation
- Embolus formation
- Dissection of a vessel
- Infection at puncture site
- Contrast media reaction
How long should a patient be on bed rest post procedure?
A minimum of 4 hours
Which IR procedure has the highest skin dose for the patient?
Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) and spinal neuroembolisation
What angiographic fluoroscopic capabilities help to minimize dose?
Beam filtration, pulsed fluoro, 5 minute fluoro timer, and using fluoro only when necessary and for small periods of time
At what end of the c arm is rad dose lower?
Detector end
What techniques can be used for digital fluoroscopy and image acquisition?
Analog to digital conversion
Flat detectors
What does intracranial endovascular coil embolization provide an alternative to?
Brain aneurysm patients that are inoperable or are high surgical risk
